Are there changes in the nutritional status of children of Oportunidades families in rural Chiapas, Mexico? A cohort prospective study

Table 1 Changes in the living conditions of the participant’s families during follow-up period

Year of evaluation	2002–2003	2004–2005	2010–2011	p ^a
Number of people	1093	1106	1060
Mean age in years of the children’s mothers (SD)	27.31 (6.77)	29.43 (8.05)	36.83 (7.95)	p = 0.000
Children under 5 years old, global and by sex^b
Total	26.2 %	23 %	10.6 %	p = 0.000
Men	11.7 %	11.2 %	4.8 %	p = 0.000
Women	14.5 %	11.8 %	5.8 %	p = 0.000
Illiterate population over 15 years old	35.2 %	30.7 %	22.4 %	p = 0.000
No-schooling population over 15 years old	31.7 %	27.3 %	22.5 %	p = 0.000
Number of homes visited	159	157	157
Homes with dirty floor	93.7 %	84.3 %	15.1 %	p = 0.000
Houses with electricity	93.1 %	97.5 %	100.0 %	p = 0.001
Homes with refrigerator	9.4 %	14.5 %	40.3 %	p = 0.000
Houses with TV	32.7 %	50.9 %	66.7 %	p = 0.000
Households with piped water	78.6 %	81.8 %	97.5 %	p = 0.000
Overcrowded housings	91.2 %	92.5 %	72.3 %	p = 0.000
Families who eat red meat once a month	23.3 %	30.8 %	40.3 %	p = 0.005
Average income from Progresa-Oportunidades per person (USD)	$6.91	$8.91	$29.38	p = 0.000

^aOn a chi-square test for proportions and F test for averages
^bIn the first, second, and third evaluation, all children were under 5 years of age. In the second evaluation, only cohort children still under 5 years of age were included; the other children were their brothers and sisters who fulfill the criteria of being under 5 years of age. In the third evaluation, any children from the cohort were included for being older than 5 years of age

ISSN: 2072-1315