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Table 3 Bivariable associations between alcohol consumption and demo-social factors: odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI)

From: Alcohol consumption among university students: a Sino-German comparison demonstrates a much lower consumption of alcohol in Chinese students

Variables

OR (95 % CI)

Chinese

German

“Less than once a week” vs. “Never”a

“At least once a week” vs. “Never”a

“Less than once a week” vs. “Never”a

“At least once a week” vs. “Never”a

“Problem drinking” vs. “No problem drinking”a

Female vs. maleb

0.86 (0.70–1.04)

1.07 (0.77–1.51)

1.21 (0.92–1.58)

0.41*** (0.32–0.53)

0.30*** (0.25–0.37)

Having a partner, yes vs. nob

1.63*** (1.31–2.01)

1.68** (1.17–2.41)

1.11 (0.86–1.44)

0.89 (0.70–1.13)

0.76** (0.64–0.91)

Father’s education, high vs. lowb

1.02 (0.83–1.24)

3.12*** (2.13–4.56)

1.09 (0.84–1.41)

1.30* (1.02–1.66)

1.29** (1.08–1.54)

Subjective general health, good vs. poorb

0.76 (0.56–1.04)

0.73 (0.44–1.23)

1.40 (0.99–1.98)

1.50* (1.09–2.07)

0.78 (0.61–1.00)

Income, sufficient vs. insufficientb

0.67** (0.52–0.87)

0.61* (0.40–0.92)

0.85 (0.65–1.11)

0.77* (0.60–0.99)

0.90 (0.76–1.08)

Nutrition, important vs. unimportantb

0.71* (0.51–0.99)

0.42*** (0.26–0.68)

1.41 (0.85–2.34)

0.72 (0.46–1.12)

0.59*** (0.45–0.78)

Grade, important vs. unimportantb

0.74 (0.50–1.09)

0.48* (0.27–0.85)

1.44 (0.76–2.74)

1.16 (0.65–2.08)

0.54*** (0.36–0.81)

Perceived life quality, good vs. poorb

0.95 (0.77–1.16)

1.16 (0.82–1.64)

1.17 (0.91–1.51)

1.36* (1.07–1.72)

1.04 (0.87–1.23)

Physical activity, less than once a week vs. at least three times a weekb

0.84 (0.68–1.05)

0.85** (0.38–0.87)

0.73* (0.55–0.97)

0.58*** (0.45–0.76)

0.65*** (0.51–0.82)

Physical activity, 1–2 times a week vs. at least three times a weekb

0.90 (0.74–1.09)

0.68* (0.48–0.96)

1.14 (0.87–1.49)

1.09 (0.85–1.40)

0.70*** (0.57–0.85)

Age

1.14*** (1.08–1.19)

1.33*** (1.23–1.45)

0.97* (0.94–0.99)

0.96** (0.93–0.99)

1.01 (0.99–1.04)

Perceived stress scale scores

1.01 (0.99–1.02)

1.02 (0.99–1.04)

0.98 (0.93–1.03)

0.96 (0.92–1.01)

1.05** (1.02–1.09)

BMI

1.07*** (1,03–1.12)

1.15*** (1.09–1.23)

0.96* (0.92–0.99)

1.01 (0.97–1.04)

1.05*** (1.03–1.08)

  1. Significance of Wald test: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001
  2. aReference category of the dependent variables
  3. bReference category of the independent variables