The gender gap in relation to happiness and preferences in married couples after childbirth: evidence from a field experiment in rural Ghana

Table 1 Sample statistics

	Wife				Husband				Difference
	Mean	S.D.	Min	Max	Mean	S.D.	Min	Max	Difference
Happiness
Subjective well-being (SWB)	5.6	2.1	1	10	5.8	2.3	1	10	−0.2
Wife’s SWB > husband’s SWB	0.450	0.50	0	1
Wife’s SWB = husband’s SWB	0.088	0.28	0	1
Wife’s SWB < husband’s SWB	0.463	0.50	0	1
Preferences
Trust	0.400	0.13	0.1	0.9	0.388	0.12	0.1	0.6	0.013
Reciprocity	0.384	0.22	0.1	1.0	0.360	0.18	0.1	1.0	0.023*
Altruism	0.380	0.11	0.1	0.7	0.386	0.12	0.1	0.6	−0.006
Risk lovingness	0.423	0.12	0.2	1.0	0.390	0.12	0.1	0.6	0.033
Individual characteristics
Age	29.4	6.7	18	47	38.1	11.6	18	72	−8.7***
Education: none	0.450	0.50	0	1	0.375	0.49	0	1	0.075
Education: primary	0.250	0.44	0	1	0.213	0.41	0	1	0.038
Education: middle	0.250	0.44	0	1	0.313	0.47	0	1	−0.063
Education: higher	0.050	0.22	0	1	0.100	0.30	0	1	−0.050
Religion: Catholic	0.338	0.48	0	1	0.288	0.46	0	1	0.050
Religion: Muslim	0.225	0.42	0	1	0.213	0.41	0	1	0.013
Religion: Charisma	0.088	0.28	0	1	0.075	0.27	0	1	0.013
Religion: traditional African	0.075	0.27	0	1	0.188	0.39	0	1	−0.113***
Religion: others	0.275	0.45	0	1	0.238	0.43	0	1	0.038
Couple’s or household’s characteristics
Married (years)	8.8	6.3	1	25
Number of children	3.9	2.3	1	10
Asset: lowest	0.263	0.44	0	1
Asset: lower middle	0.238	0.43	0	1
Asset: upper middle	0.250	0.44	0	1
Asset: highest	0.250	0.44	0	1

*p < 0.1, *** p < 0.01 obtained through a paired t test (Wilcoxon signed-rank test for subjective well-being)

ISSN: 2072-1315