Table 3 Estimates from the CPH on the effect of socio-economic, demographic and geographic variables on under-five mortality

 Addis Ababa

−0.383

0.681

0.421

0.796

0.048

 Affar

−0.296

0.744

0.564

0.841

0.001

 Amhara

−0.04

0.961

0.285

1.087

0.539

 Benishangul-Gumuz

−0.258

0.772

0.586

0.881

0.001

 Dire Dawa

−0.192

0.825

0.645

0.981

0.044

 Gambela

−0.067

0.936

0.458

1.179

0.465

 Harari

0.007

1.007

0.047

1.085

0.947

 Oromiya

−0.178

0.837

0.687

0.965

0.014

 SNNP

−0.239

0.787

0.649

0.857

0.002

 Somali

−0.377

0.686

0.611

0.749

<0.0001

 Rural

0.165

1.18

1.085

1.254

0.01

 Yes

−0.145

0.865

0.805

0.930

<0.0001

Respondent’s current age

−0.051

0.95

0.897

0.967

<0.0001

Age of respondent at 1st birth

0.05

1.051

1.012

1.154

<0.0001

Family size

−0.019

0.981

0.785

0.997

0.022

Age at 1st sex

0.012

1.012

1.004

1.124

0.004

Total children ever born

0.065

1.067

1.011

1.189

<0.0001

 Female

−0.089

0.915

0.759

0.995

0.002

 No/do not know

−0.028

0.972

0.743

0.987

0.045

 No/do not know

−0.254

0.776

0.574

0.857

0.0013

 No

0.1105

1.117

1.087

1.204

0.0031

Respondent’s current age and family size

−0.005

0.995

0.847

0.998

0.0118

Age of respondent at 1st birth and family size

0.007

1.007

1.002

1.106

0.0105

Age of respondent at 1st birth and total children ever born

−0.003

0.997

0.785

0.999

0.0439

Family size and total children ever born

0.025

1.025

1.005

1.158

<0.0001

Frailty (cluster or PSU)

1.721

1.487

1.983

0.004