Table 4 Factors associated with utilization of inpatient health services
Variable | Inpatient health services | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Categories | % Utilized | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
Health insurance | Insured | 1.4 | 3.49 (2.8–4.4) | 2.78 (2.2–3.6)b |
Uninsured | 0.4 | 1 | 1 | |
Age | 0–4 | 1.7 | 1.98 (1.5–2.6) | 1.27 (0.9–1.9) |
5–17 | 0.5 | 0.57 (0.4–0.7) | 0.66 (0.5–0.9) | |
18–34 | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | |
35–59 | 1.4 | 1.63 (1.3–2.0) | 1.53 (1.2–1.9)b | |
60–69 | 1.4 | 1.65 (1.2–2.3) | 1.41 (0.9–2.1) | |
70+ (aged) | 1.6 | 1.88 (1.3–2.7) | 1.65 (1.1–2.5)b | |
Gender | Male | 0.9 | 1 | 1 |
Female | 1.2 | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.10 (0.9–1.3) | |
Educational level | No education | 1.1 | 0.61 (0.4–0.9) | 1.03 (0.7–1.6) |
Primary | 0.5 | 0.29 (0.2–0.4) | 0.84 (0.5–1.3) | |
Secondary | 1.2 | 0.66 (0.4–0.9) | 1.25 (0.8–1.9) | |
Tertiary | 1.9 | 1 | 1 | |
Below school going agea | 1.4 | 0.73 (0.5–1.1) | 1.47 (0.9–2.5) | |
Religion | Traditional & other | 0.7 | 0.49 (0.4–0.7) | NS |
Christianity | 1.3 | 0.87 (0.6–1.2) | NS | |
Islam | 1.4 | 1 | NS | |
Ethnicity | Kasem | 1.2 | 1 | 1 |
Nankam | 0.8 | 0.66 (0.6–0.8) | 0.95 (0.8–1.2) | |
Buli | 1.6 | 1.41 (0.9–2.2) | 1.71 (1.1–2.7)b | |
Other | 2.4 | 2.12 (1.4–3.1) | 1.17 (0.8–1.8) | |
Location | Rural | 0.9 | 1 | 1 |
Urban | 2.2 | 2.62 (2.2–3.1) | 1.32 (1.0–1.7) | |
Household size | 1 member | 2.4 | 2.7 (1.9–3.9) | 1.55 (1.0–1.5) |
2–4 members | 1.4 | 1.62 (1.4–1.9) | 1.27 (1.0–1.5) | |
5+ members | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | |
Socio-economic status | Poorest | 0.7 | 1 | 1 |
Poorer | 0.8 | 1.14 (0.9–1.5) | 1.10 (0.8–1.5) | |
Poor | 0.8 | 1.12 (0.8–1.5) | 1.10 (0.8–1.5) | |
Less poor | 1.2 | 1.73 (1.3–2.3) | 1.48 (1.1–1.9)b | |
Least poor | 2.3 | 3.40 (2.6–4.4) | 2.10 (1.5–2.9)b | |
Recent illness or injury | Yes | 0.8 | 8.23 (6.9–9.9) | 5.72 (4.6–7.1)b |
No | 6.0 | 1 | 1 | |
Self-assessed health status | Poor or very poor | 4.9 | 5.43 (4.2–6.9) | 2.52 (1.9–3.4)b |
Good or very good | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | |
Don’t know | 0.7 | 0.77 (0.32–1.9) | 0.81 (0.3–2.0) | |
Chronic medication | Yes | 8.8 | 10.27 (7.9–13.4) | 3.48 (2.5–4.8)b |
No | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | |
Don’t Know | 1.7 | 1.79 (0.4–7.2) | 1.19 (0.3–5.0) | |