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Table 3 Predictive validity of 18-month ECD assessments in Ghana
| 18-month domain: | Language | Motor | Executive function | Socioemotional | Home environment | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18-month score: | CDI vocabulary checklist | KDI fine motor | KDI gross motor | KDI total motor | A not B total correct | A not B perseverative errors1 | PSED competence | PSED problems1 | PSED total1 | FCI variety of play materials | FCI activities with caregivers | FCI total score | |
| Preschool domain: | Preschool score: | ||||||||||||
| Cognitive | Cognitive factor score | 0.26** | 0.09† | –2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.13** | 0.08† | 0.11** |
| Cognitive | Pre-academic score | 0.24** | 0.08† | – | 0.09* | – | – | – | – | – | 0.16** | 0.18** | 0.17** |
| Cognitive | Paired-associate memory score | 0.16** | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cognitive | Block design score | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.14** | – | 0.14** |
| Language | Language score | 0.25** | 0.08† | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.07† | – | – |
| Executive Function | Visual search speed1 | − 0.12** | − 0.11** | − 0.09† | − 0.13** | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.13** | − 0.12** | − 0.13** |
| Executive function | Inhibitory control: head/toe | 0.16** | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Executive function | Inhibitory control: delay of gratification | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Fine motor | Pegboard fine motor speed1 | − 0.13** | − 0.08† | – | − 0.09† | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.08† | – | − 0.08† |
| Socioemotional | SDQ total difficulties1 | – | – | – | − 0.08† | – | – | − 0.08† | 0.10* | 0.10* | – | – | – |
| Socioemotional | SDQ prosocial | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.08† | – |
| Socioemotional | Behavior rating scale | − 0.17** | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.08† | – | − 0.08† |
