Table 3 Probit regressions for the correlates of birth registration, marginal effects (dF/dX)
From: Obstacles to birth registration in Niger: estimates from a recent household survey
| Â | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | |
Leave-out means | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Birth registration | 0.9990*** | 0.3764*** |  |  |
(0.0300) | (0.0354) | Â | Â | |
 Lack of availability |  |  | − 0.9600*** | − 0.2545** |
| Â | Â | (0.0573) | (0.1110) | |
 Remoteness |  |  | − 0.9740*** | − 0.3512*** |
| Â | Â | (0.0437) | (0.0822) | |
 Lack of knowledge |  |  | − 0.9144*** | − 0.3126*** |
| Â | Â | (0.0494) | (0.0724) | |
 No utility |  |  | − 0.8451*** | − 0.5969*** |
| Â | Â | (0.0736) | (0.0808) | |
 Costs |  |  | − 0.7562*** | − 0.184 |
| Â | Â | (0.1082) | (0.1494) | |
Geographic location (reference is Niamey for urban areas) | Â | |||
 Agadez | Ref. | 0.0516*** | Ref. | 0.0444** |
| Â | (0.0187) | Â | (0.0191) | |
 Diffa | 0.0528 | 0.0033 | 0.0413 | − 0.0132 |
(0.0387) | (0.0251) | (0.0400) | (0.0288) | |
 Dosso | 0.1014*** | − 0.0237 | 0.0508 | − 0.0328 |
(0.0373) | (0.0342) | (0.0382) | (0.0357) | |
 Maradi | 0.0712* | 0.0141 | 0.0378 | 0.0017 |
(0.0365) | (0.0249) | (0.0375) | (0.0260) | |
 Tahoua | 0.0871** | 0.0335 | 0.0385 | 0.0347 |
(0.0371) | (0.0383) | (0.0376) | (0.0378) | |
 Tillaberi | 0.0630* | − 0.0006 | − 0.0066 | − 0.0123 |
(0.0360) | (0.0519) | (0.0373) | (0.0546) | |
 Zinder | 0.0234 | − 0.0238 | − 0.0204 | − 0.0492 |
(0.0367) | (0.0356) | (0.0374) | (0.0382) | |
Characteristics of the child | ||||
 Female | − 0.0374*** | − 0.0268* | − 0.0320** | -0.0270* |
(0.0144) | (0.0144) | (0.0142) | (0.0143) | |
 Age |  |  |  |  |
  1 year old | 0.0215 | 0.0012 | 0.0236 | 0.0021 |
(0.0227) | (0.0211) | (0.0224) | (0.0209) | |
  2 years old | − 0.0405* | − 0.0253 | − 0.0342 | − 0.0237 |
(0.0220) | (0.0225) | (0.0217) | (0.0223) | |
  3 years old | − 0.0922*** | 0.0206 | − 0.0900*** | 0.0203 |
(0.0213) | (0.0208) | (0.0211) | (0.0207) | |
  4 years old | − 0.0853*** | − 0.0058 | − 0.0806*** | − 0.0038 |
(0.0232) | (0.0233) | (0.0229) | (0.0230) | |
 Disability | − 0.0805 | − 0.0077 | − 0.0906 | 0.0129 |
(0.0572) | (0.0720) | (0.0563) | (0.0678) | |
Characteristics of the household | ||||
 Number of children |  |  |  |  |
  0–5 years old | − 0.0023 | − 0.0031 | − 0.0019 | − 0.0046 |
(0.0066) | (0.0076) | (0.0066) | (0.0075) | |
  6–12 years old | − 0.0113** | 0.0148** | − 0.0093* | 0.0115* |
(0.0048) | (0.0061) | (0.0048) | (0.0061) | |
  13–17 years old | 0.0245*** | − 0.0025 | 0.0204** | − 0.0008 |
(0.0090) | (0.0090) | (0.0089) | (0.0090) | |
 Spouse married as a child | 0.0031 | 0.0082 | 0.0081 | 0.0069 |
(0.0232) | (0.0169) | (0.0229) | (0.0170) | |
 Education of the head |  |  |  |  |
  Primary | 0.0575** | 0.0042 | 0.0660*** | 0.0005 |
(0.0243) | (0.0199) | (0.0238) | (0.0199) | |
  Secondary | 0.0498 | − 0.0282 | 0.0584* | − 0.0347 |
(0.0355) | (0.0249) | (0.0352) | (0.0254) | |
  Post-secondary | 0.3242 | 0.0409 | 0.3829 | 0.0361 |
(0.2545) | (0.0427) | (0.2398) | (0.0436) | |
 Education of the spouse |  |  |  |  |
  Primary | − 0.0014 | 0.0606*** | 0.0024 | 0.0613*** |
(0.0259) | (0.0175) | (0.0255) | (0.0172) | |
  Secondary | 0.1627*** | 0.0735*** | 0.1599*** | 0.0738*** |
(0.0501) | (0.0226) | (0.0490) | (0.0225) | |
  Post-secondary |  | − 0.0258 |  | − 0.0368 |
| Â | (0.0662) | Â | (0.0681) | |
 Marital status of head |  |  |  |  |
  Never married | − 0.0158 | 0.0114 | − 0.0169 | 0.0042 |
(0.0763) | (0.0739) | (0.0744) | (0.0759) | |
  Polygamy | 0.0053 | 0 | 0.0005 | − 0.0013 |
(0.0191) | (0.0204) | (0.0189) | (0.0204) | |
 Wealth quintiles |  |  |  |  |
  Second | − 0.0057 | 0.0261 | − 0.0002 | 0.013 |
(0.0207) | (0.0544) | (0.0205) | (0.0569) | |
  Third | 0.0074 | 0.007 | 0.0162 | 0.0003 |
(0.0207) | (0.0512) | (0.0205) | (0.0534) | |
  Fourth | 0.0601*** | 0.0192 | 0.0604*** | 0.0218 |
(0.0212) | (0.0450) | (0.0210) | (0.0459) | |
  Top | 0.2059*** | 0.1065* | 0.1992*** | 0.1213** |
(0.0391) | (0.0560) | (0.0387) | (0.0590) | |
 Occupation of head |  |  |  |  |
  Domestic work | − 0.1695*** | − 0.1479* | − 0.1612*** | − 0.1042 |
(0.0457) | (0.0816) | (0.0452) | (0.0780) | |
  Administration | 0.4017*** | 0.0088 | 0.3960*** | 0.0049 |
(0.0857) | (0.0253) | (0.0854) | (0.0256) | |
  Trade | 0.0497* | − 0.0402** | 0.0570** | − 0.0448** |
(0.0288) | (0.0181) | (0.0286) | (0.0182) | |
  No occupation | 0.0638 | 0.0212 | 0.0869 | 0.0239 |
(0.0740) | (0.0399) | (0.0730) | (0.0387) | |
 Occupation of spouse |  |  |  |  |
  Domestic work | − 0.0015 | 0.0121 | − 0.004 | 0.0164 |
(0.0156) | (0.0182) | (0.0155) | (0.0181) | |
  Administration | − 0.1127 | 0.0605 | − 0.1296 | 0.0662* |
(0.1664) | (0.0398) | (0.1589) | (0.0380) | |
  Trade | − 0.1005** | 0.0396 | − 0.0819* | 0.0421 |
(0.0467) | (0.0280) | (0.0459) | (0.0271) | |
  No occupation | − 0.0794 | − 0.0306 | − 0.076 | − 0.0323 |
(0.0568) | (0.0332) | (0.0559) | (0.0332) | |
 Number observations | 6106 | 1683 | 6106 | 1683 |