Table 2 General characteristics of subjects according to the presence of depression
Non-depression (n = 4050) | Depression (n = 299) | P value2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | %1 | n | % | ||
Total | 4050 | 93.5 | 299 | 6.5 | - |
Sex | |||||
 Male | 1674 | 50.3 | 70 | 31.5 | < 0.0001 |
 Female | 2376 | 49.7 | 229 | 68.5 | |
Age | |||||
 19–29 years | 423 | 18.5 | 40 | 23.0 | 0.0059 |
 30–49 years | 1388 | 40.5 | 77 | 31.4 | |
 50–64 years | 1135 | 25.6 | 77 | 23.0 | |
 65–74 years | 722 | 10.3 | 63 | 14.4 | |
 75 years or older | 382 | 5.2 | 42 | 8.1 | |
 Average age (mean, SE) | 46.1 | 0.5 | 46.9 | 1.3 | 0.50303 |
Marital status | |||||
 Married | 3494 | 77.9 | 246 | 73.2 | 0.1466 |
 Single | 556 | 22.1 | 53 | 26.8 | |
Education level | |||||
 Less than high school graduation | 1337 | 22.5 | 143 | 33.5 | 0.0006 |
 High school graduation | 1098 | 28.1 | 68 | 26.1 | |
 College or higher | 1612 | 49.3 | 88 | 40.4 | |
Area | |||||
 City | 3261 | 84.1 | 240 | 87.4 | 0.1650 |
 Rural area | 789 | 15.9 | 59 | 12.6 | |
Occupation | |||||
 Employed | 2364 | 63.8 | 114 | 44.2 | <0.0001 |
 Unemployed | 1684 | 36.2 | 185 | 55.8 | |
Household income level | |||||
 Low | 726 | 12.6 | 126 | 34.1 | < 0.0001 |
 Middle-low | 1016 | 25.1 | 72 | 25.1 | |
 Middle-high | 1186 | 31.4 | 51 | 17.3 | |
 High | 1111 | 30.9 | 49 | 23.5 | |
Family size (mean, SE) | 3.2 | 0.04 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 0.00013 |
Smoking status | |||||
 Current smoker | 707 | 22.8 | 59 | 27.5 | 0.0115 |
 Ex-smoker | 784 | 19.8 | 40 | 11.6 | |
 Non-smoker | 2517 | 57.4 | 196 | 60.9 | |
Drinking status | |||||
 < 1/month | 1927 | 42.0 | 170 | 50.3 | 0.0097 |
 1–4/month | 1248 | 35.0 | 72 | 29.6 | |
 2–3/week | 562 | 16.3 | 30 | 10.7 | |
 ≧ 4/week | 275 | 6.7 | 25 | 9.5 | |
Stress status | |||||
 Feel it very much | 97 | 2.6 | 85 | 32.3 | < 0.0001 |
 Feel somewhat | 698 | 19.2 | 127 | 44.0 | |
 Feel a little | 2396 | 61.4 | 66 | 19.0 | |
 Rarely | 817 | 16.8 | 17 | 4.7 | |
Sleeping hours (mean, SE) | 6.8 | 0.02 | 6.4 | 0.1 | 0.0073 |
Exercise | |||||
 < 1/week | 1910 | 45.6 | 167 | 51.1 | 0.1695 |
 1–2/week | 599 | 15.6 | 35 | 14.4 | |
 3–4/week | 594 | 15.1 | 29 | 10.2 | |
 ≧ 5/week | 947 | 23.8 | 68 | 24.3 | |
Obese status | |||||
 Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) | 161 | 4.2 | 26 | 8.9 | 0.0147 |
 Normal (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 23 kg/m2) | 1660 | 41.8 | 123 | 40.5 | |
 Overweight (23 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2) | 954 | 22.5 | 60 | 18.6 | |
 Obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) | 1275 | 31.5 | 90 | 32.0 | |
BMI (mean, SE) | 23.7 | 0.1 | 23.5 | 0.3 | 0.68323 |
Daily meals (skipped) | |||||
 Breakfast | 747 | 23.6 | 64 | 29.0 | 0.0687 |
 Lunch | 317 | 8.9 | 39 | 14.8 | 0.0080 |
 Dinner | 248 | 6.3 | 22 | 8.5 | 0.2240 |
Food security | |||||
 Food secure | 2085 | 52.0 | 102 | 34.9 | < 0.0001 |
 Mildly insecure | 1800 | 44.4 | 143 | 49.4 | |
 Moderately insecure | 124 | 3.0 | 34 | 10.8 | |
 Severely insecure | 32 | 0.6 | 17 | 5.0 | |
Frequency of eating-out per week (mean, SE) | 4.3 | 0.1 | 3.3 | 0.3 | 0.00103 |