Table 1 Overview of nutrition intervention policies during the MDGs
Nutrition intervention policies | Issued department | Implemental duration (year) | Target population | Nutrition-related contents of the policy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
State Council | 2001–2010 | Children | Set five specific goals for child nutrition improvement: By 2010, • Moderate and severe malnutrition rates of children under 5 years: fell by 1/4 on the basis of 2000 • Low birth weight: less than 5% • Prevalence of infant parents’ knowledge of scientific feeding: more than 85% • Infants’ breastfeeding rate reaches 85% in provincial units, add supplementary foods timely and reasonably • Reduce child vitamin A deficiency | |
2011–2020 | Children | Set four goals specific goals for child nutrition improvement: By 2020, • Low birth weight: less than 4% • Exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months: at least 50% • Anemia of children under 5 years: less than 12% • Stunting and underweight of children under 5 years: less than 7% and 5% respectively | ||
Outline for the development of Chinese woman [18] | State Council | 2011–2020 | Woman | Set one goal for woman nutrition improvement: • Reduce the prevalence of moderate and severe anemia in pregnant women |
Outline for the development of food and nutrition in China [19, 20] | State Council | 2001–2010 | Chinese residents | Give priority to the development of • Three key food industries (dairy industry, soybean industry, and food processing industry) • Two key areas (rural and western areas) • Three key groups (adolescents, women and children, the elderly) Set three goals for improvement on maternal and child nutrition: By 2010, • Stunting and underweight of children under 5 years: less than 15% and 5% respectively • Anemia of pregnant woman and children under 5 years: less than 20% and 15% respectively • Promote the breastfeeding of infants within 4 months, and gradually supplement various supplementary foods for infants over 4 months old |
2014–2020 | Chinese residents | Give priority to the development of • Three key products (high quality agricultural products, convenient nutrient processed foods, dairy and soy foods) • Three key areas (poor areas, rural areas, floating population gathering, and new urbanization areas) • Three key groups (maternal and infants, children and adolescents, the elderly) Set four goals for improvement on maternal and child nutrition: By 2020, • The stunting of children under 5 years: less than 7% • Anemia rate of the whole population: less than 10% • Anemia of pregnant and lactating woman, and children under 5 years: less than 17% and 12% respectively • Reduce the growth rate of overweight, obesity, and dyslipidemia of Chinese residents | ||
Infant feeding strategy [21] | MoH | 2007~ | Infants | • Protect, promote, and support breastfeeding and increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in first 6 months • Add supplementary foods timely and reasonably • Increase breastfeeding rate of infants within 6 months • Prohibit selling formulate milk in hospitals • Strengthen public education on breastfeeding • Strengthen the standardized management of baby-friendly hospitals • Guide the rational addition of supplementary foods for infants over 6 months • Strengthen supervision of infant supplementary foods • Prevent child micronutrient deficiencies |
Technical specification and guidance on child feeding and nutrition [22] | MoH | 2012~ | Children under 7 and their parents | Provide guidance for parents on breastfeeding, food conversion, reasonable diet, and dietary behavior. |
Plan of the national medium- and long-term education reform and development (2010–2020) [23] | MoE | 2010–2020 | Chinese students (mainly) | Improve the nutritional status of students, in particular, launch the implementation of the nutritional improvement plan for rural primary and middle school students in minority and poverty-stricken areas. |