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Table 3 Relationship between characteristics of patients and PEPPI score

From: Factors associated with self-efficacy in patients with hypertension: a cross-sectional study from Palestine

Variable

Median [Q1–Q3]

P valuea

Gender

 Male

20.0 [18.0–25.0]

0.035c

 Female

20.0 [17.0–23.0]

Age (year)

 Less than 65

20.0 [17.0–23.0]

0.846c

 65 or more

20.0 [16.0–25.0]

Residency

 City

21.0 [18.0–24.0]

<0.010c

 Village or refugee camp

19.0 [15.0–23.0]

Employment

 Employed

20.0 [18.0–24.2]

0.054c

 Unemployed

20.0 [16.0–23.0]

BMI

 Normal weight

22.0 [17.0–24.0]

0.682c

 Overweight or obese

20.0 [17.0–24.0]

Marital status

 Married

20.0 [17.3–24.7]

0.032c

 Unmarried

19.0 [15.0–23.0]

Monthly income (NIS)b

 Low (less than 2000)

18.0 [15.0–23.0]

<0.001c

 Moderate to high income (≥2000)

20.0 [18.0–24.0]

Education level

 Below university education level

20.0 [17.0–23.0]

<0.001c

 University education level

22.0 [18.3–25.0]

Hypertension duration

 Less than 1 year

20.0 [18.5–22.5]

0.980d

 1–3 years

20.0 [17.0–23.3]

 4–5 years

20.0 [16.5–23.5]

 5 years or more

20.0 [17.0–24.0]

Therapy type

 Monotherapy

20.0 [18.0–24.0]

0.456c

 Multi therapy

20.0 [16.0–24.0]

Total number of chronic diseases

 1 or less

20.0 [17.0–23.0]

0.402d

 2

21.0 [17.0–25.0]

 3 or more

13.0 [11.0–27.5]

Total number of medications

 Less than 4

20.0 [17.0–23.5]

0.765c

 4 or more

20.0 [17.0–24.0]

  1. Perceived Efficacy in Patient-Physician Interaction Questionnaire (PEPPI) is range of 5 to 25; higher scores indicate that the participant has higher self-efficacy in patient-physician interactions
  2. NIS New Israeli Shekel; Q1–Q2, lower quartile and the upper quartile
  3. aP values are bold where they are less than the significance level of 0.05
  4. b1 Israeli New Shekel equals 0.29 US dollar
  5. cStatistical significance of the differences determined by the Mann-Whitney U test
  6. dStatistical significance of the differences determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test