Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents
Characteristics | n | % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
Age Mean 48.81 (95% CI 47.03–50.60) | ||
< 35 years | 232 | 22.0 (18.1–26.4) |
35–44 years | 176 | 17.2 (13.5–21.6) |
45−54 years | 216 | 20.3 (17.1–23.9) |
55–64 years | 244 | 23.3 (19.6–27.5) |
≥ 65 years | 179 | 17.2 (13.8–21.3) |
Sex | ||
Male | 428 | 50.2 (45.6–54.7) |
Female | 619 | 49.8 (45.3–54.4) |
Ethnicity | ||
Malay | 662 | 67.2 (58.1–75.2) |
Chinese | 116 | 11.6 (7.2–18.1) |
Indian | 63 | 9.4 (5.8–14.8) |
Indigenous people | 206 | 11.8 (6.7–20.0) |
Marital status | ||
Single | 133 | 13.0 (10.1–1635) |
Married | 760 | 75.5 (71.7–78.9) |
Separated/widowed | 153 | 11.6 (8.9−14.9) |
Education level | ||
Without formal education | 96 | 5.5 (3.8–7.9) |
Primary | 220 | 18.7 (15.1–22.9) |
Secondary | 503 | 51.3 (47.4–55.2) |
Tertiary | 228 | 24.5 (20.3–29.2) |
Household income Mean RM 3292.44 (95% CI 2840.57, 3744.31) | ||
<RM 1000 | 324 | 24.7 (20.5–29.4) |
RM 1000–1999 | 203 | 18.1 (15.1–21.6) |
RM 2000–2999 | 174 | 16.1 (12.6–20.4) |
RM 3000–3999 | 125 | 13.8 (10.4–18.1) |
≥ RM 4000 | 221 | 27.3 (21.4–34.2) |
Employment status | ||
Employed | 317 | 32.2 (27.2–37.7) |
Self-employed | 232 | 21.9 (18.1–26.2) |
Housewives | 298 | 25.6 (21.9–29.6) |
Unemployed/students/others | 200 | 20.3 (17.3–23.7) |
24-h urinary sodium excretion Mean 3167 mg (95% CI 2987, 3346) | ||
Normal (< 2000 mg) | 207 | 21.4 (17.9–25.4) |
Excessive (≥ 2000 mg) | 591 | 78.6 (74.6–82.1) |