The promotion of healthy breakfast and snacks based on the social marketing model: a mixed-methods study

Table 3 The comparison of the mean scores of product, price, promotion, and behavior in the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention

Variables	Groups	Before intervention		After intervention		p value^b	Mean difference± standard deviation	95% confidence interval for difference
		Mean	Standard deviation	Mean	Standard deviation			95% confidence interval for difference
		Mean	Standard deviation	Mean	Standard deviation			Lower	Upper
Restrictive preferences (product)	Intervention control	74.78 75.77	11.2 12.13	79.13 76.05	11.3 7.82	0.02 0.80	−4.65±12.5 −0.26±13.88	−8.06 −4.43	−0.63 3.90
Restrictive preferences (product)	p value^a	0.60		0.13
Readiness for paying the costs (price)	Intervention control	57.22 57.81	20.8 13.04	64.28 60.16	10.09 14.55	0.01 0.46	−7.05±18.66 −1.75±15.75	−12.60 −6.48	−1.51 2.3
Readiness for paying the costs (price)	p value^a	0.80		0.12
Promotion channels	Intervention control	26.87 28.73	20.16 9.80	65.99 29.68	15.60 14.03	<0.001 0.75	−39.13±21.8 −0.9±19.29	−45.6 −6.75	−32.65 4.84
Promotion channels	p value^a	0.67		<0.001
Behavior	Intervention control	62.17 63.52	14.9 6.1	70.9 64.2	11.86 9.2	<0.001 0.75	−8.73±14.73 −0.58±12.23	−13.1 −4.26	−4.34 3.08
Behavior	p value^a	0.50		0.003

ISSN: 2072-1315