Table 1 Sample and nutritional status among adults in Afghanistan, 2018
Variable (#missing values) | Sample | Normal weight | Underweight | Overweight | Obesity | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | Â |
All | 3779 | 1774 (49.5) | 264 (7.8) | 1071 (25.5) | 636 (17.2) | Â |
Age in years (#30) | ||||||
 18-29 | 1382 (44.1) | 776 (58.8) | 131 (8.9) | 307 (21.0) | 144 (11.3) | < 0.001 |
 30-44 | 1124 (32.2) | 460 (42.7) | 69 (7.4) | 352 (27.1) | 239 (22.8) | |
 45-69 | 1243 (23.8) | 525 (41.8) | 62 (6.2) | 402 (31.6) | 252 (20.4) | |
Sex (#4) | ||||||
 Female | 1753 (44.1) | 723 (42.1) | 156 (9.1) | 465 (25.1) | 389 (23.7) | < 0.001 |
 Male | 2022 (55.9) | 1051 (55.3) | 108 (6.7) | 606 (25.9) | 247 (12.1) | |
Education (#3) | ||||||
 None | 2094 (59.0) | 940 (46.9) | 147 (6.4) | 582 (26.8) | 411 (20.0) | 0.133 |
 Primary or less | 659 (16.4) | 309 (53.0) | 38 (8.5) | 206 (23.1) | 103 (15.4) | |
 Secondary or more | 1023 (24.6) | 525 (53.4) | 79 (10.7) | 283 (24.0) | 122 (11.9) | |
Adult household members (#3) | ||||||
 1-3 | 1352 (23.9) | 616 (50.5) | 102 (7.2) | 402 (28.7) | 215 (13.7) | 0.269 |
 3-5 | 1229 (34.3) | 606 (49.9) | 90 (8.9) | 347 (25.6) | 178 (15.6) | |
 ≥6 | 1195 (41.8) | 552 (48.6) | 72 (7.1) | 322 (23.7) | 243 (20.6) | |
Residence (#1) | ||||||
 Rural | 1797 (42.4) | 922 (51.9) | 140 (8.3) | 471 (25.1) | 249 (14.7) | 0.306 |
 Urban | 1981 (57.6) | 852 (47.7) | 124 (7.3) | 600 (25.8) | 387 (19.1) | |
Fruit and vegetable consumption (#0) | ||||||
 ≤1 servings | 2415 (59.0) | 1164 (50.3) | 182 (8.7) | 650 (25.3) | 401 (15.7) | 0.394 |
 2 servings | 883 (29.6) | 389 (47.9) | 51 (6.8) | 285 (27.8) | 149 (17.5) | |
 ≥3 servings | 481 (11.4) | 221 (49.4) | 31 (5.5) | 136 (20.9) | 86 (24.2) | |
For meal preparation (#6) | ||||||
 Mainly butter or ghee | 2048 (61.8) | 980 (49.3) | 142 (6.3) | 546 (24.9) | 365 (19.5) | 0.022 |
 Vegetable oil | 1725 (38.2) | 793 (49.9) | 122 (10.1) | 523 (26.3) | 271 (13.7) | |
Add salt before/when eating (#8) | ||||||
 Sometimes or rarely or never | 2697 (68.4) | 1242 (48.1) | 186 (8.6) | 792 (26.5) | 460 (16.8) | 0.226 |
 Always or often | 1074 (31.6) | 530 (52.5) | 76 (5.8) | 279 (23.5) | 176 (18.2) | |
Eats processed foods high in salt (#27) | ||||||
 Sometimes or rarely or never | 3077 (87.5) | 1424 (49.5) | 216 (7.8) | 893 (25.6) | 524 (17.0) | 0.930 |
 Always or often | 675 (12.5) | 338 (48.7) | 47 (7.3) | 173 (25.2) | 107 (18.9) | |
Meals outside home (#55) | ||||||
 0 | 2477 (65.9) | 1133 (47.0) | 178 (8.3) | 684 (25.7) | 468 (19.0) | 0.374 |
 ≥ 1 | 1247 (34.1) | 610 (53.9) | 79 (6.5) | 376 (25.4) | 376 (14.1) | |
Physical activity (#35) | ||||||
 Low | 1384 (38.4) | 591 (41.5) | 94 (7.6) | 377 (27.1) | 303 (23.8) | < 0.001 |
 Moderate | 624 (18.3) | 267 (50.9) | 46 (7.3) | 202 (24.4) | 106 (17.4) | |
 High | 1736 (43.3) | 903 (56.0) | 123 (8.1) | 480 (24.6) | 221 (11.4) | |
Sedentary behaviour (#24) | ||||||
 < 8 h/day | 2128 (51.9) | 1037 (54.5) | 144 (6.6) | 580 (23.9) | 346 (15.1) | 0.012 |
 ≥8 h/day | 1627 (48.1) | 725 (44.1) | 120 (9.1) | 486 (27.1) | 286 (19.6) | |
Current tobacco use (#3) | ||||||
 No | 2910 (72.0) | 1348 (50.2) | 207 (7.0) | 825 (25.0) | 502 (17.8) | 0.557 |
 Yes | 866 (28.0) | 426 (47.7) | 57 (9.6) | 246 (26.9) | 134 (15.8) | |
Ever alcohol use (#3) | ||||||
 No | 3732 (99.5) | 1751 (49.4) | 261 (7.8) | 1059 (25.5) | 630 (17.3) | 0.835 |
 Yes | 44 (0.5) | 23 (58.9) | 3 (8.4) | 12 (21.5) | 6 (11.2) | |
Hypertension (#40) | ||||||
 No | 2566 (69.3) | 1376 (56.9) | 218 (9.8) | 667 (21.9) | 304 (11.4) | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 1173 (30.7) | 391 (32.6) | 46 (3.1) | 404 (33.8) | 331 (30.4) | |
Type 2 diabetes (#292) | ||||||
 No | 3083 (90.3) | 1500 (52.2) | 211 (7.7) | 870 (25.1) | 480 (14.9) | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 404 (9.7) | 147 (27.3) | 26 (4.8) | 132 (31.4) | 98 (36.6) | |
Heart attack or stroke (#3) | ||||||
 No | 3488 (90.6) | 1658 (49.6) | 250 (7.9) | 978 (25.5) | 571 (17.1) | 0.933 |
 Yes | 288 (9.4) | 116 (48.8) | 14 (6.5) | 93 (25.9) | 65 (18.7) | |