Table 1 Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of Saudi premenopausal women (20–50 years) attending the primary health care center at KAMC, Jeddah (n = 257)
Characteristics | n (%) |
|---|---|
Age (years) | Â |
 20–30 | 153 (59.5) |
 31–40 | 73 (28.4) |
 41–50 | 31 (12.1) |
Education status | Â |
 Less than college | 74 (28.8) |
 College graduate | 163(63.4) |
 More than College | 20 (7.8) |
Income level (SR per month) | Â |
 < 4000 | 15 (5.8) |
 4000–< 8000 | 50 (19.5) |
 8000–< 15,000 | 78 (30.4) |
 15,000–< 25,000 | 53 (20.6) |
 ≥ 25,000 | 36 (14.0) |
Occupation | Â |
 Employed | 133 (51.8) |
 Unemployed | 124 (48.2) |
Type of residence | Â |
 Rented (apartment/home) | 114 (44.4) |
 Owned (apartment/home) | 143 (55.6) |
Marital status | Â |
 Unmarried (single/separated/divorced) | 145 (56.4) |
 Married | 112 (43.6) |
Daily sun exposure (min/day) | Â |
  < 30 min/day | 199 (77.4) |
  ≥ 30 min/day | 58 (22.6) |
Area of skin exposed | Â |
 Face covered but hands exposed | 164 (63.8) |
 Face and hands exposed | 93 (36.2) |
Skin color type | Â |
 II | 6 (2.3) |
 III | 106 (41.2) |
 IV | 132 (51.4) |
 V | 13 (5.1) |
Vitamin D intake (IU/day) diet + supplement |  |
  < 400 | 167 (65.0) |
  ≥ 400 | 90 (35.0) |
Vitamin D intake of supplement users | Â |
  < 400 | 13 (13.5) |
  ≥ 400 | 83 (86.5) |
Vitamin D supplement use (IU/day) | Â |
 No | 161 (62.6) |
 Yes | 96 (37.4) |
Serum 25(OH)D level (nmol/L) | Â |
 Deficiency < 50 nmol/L | 194 (77.6) |
 Sufficiency ≥ 50 nmol/L | 56 (22.4) |
Serum 25(OH)D level (nmol/L) of supplement users | Â |
 Deficiency < 50 nmol/L | 47 (49.0) |
 Sufficiency ≥ 50 nmol/L | 49 (51.0) |