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Table 1 Gender differences in the prevalence of self-reported stress and its relationships with BMI and smoking habit among urban school and college-going adolescents

From: Perceived stress, eating behavior, and overweight and obesity among urban adolescents

ASQ domain

Items

Cronbach’s α

Mean ± SD

Female

Mean ± SD

Male

Mean ± SD

BMI

ρ (p value)

Smoking habit

Home life

12

0.848

2.61 ± 0.80

2.66 ± 0.80

2.56 ± 0.79

.025 (.088)

0.698e

School performance

7

0.820

2.73 ± 0.91

2.76 ± 0.90

2.70 ± 0.92

.037* (.013)

0.654e

School attendance

3

0.812

2.31 ± 1.14

2.26 ± 1.13

2.37 ± 1.16

.062* (< .001)

0.451e

Romantic relationship

5

0.824

2.23 ± 0.98

2.20 ± 0.96

2.26 ± 1.01

.001(.925)

0.572e

Peer pressure

7

0.826

2.13 ± 0.86

2.13 ± 0.84

2.13 ± 0.88

.044* (.003)

0.590e

Teacher interaction

7

0.865

2.50 ± 0.97

2.53 ± 0.97

2.46 ± 0.98

.026 (.080)

0.662e

Future uncertainty

3

0.862

3.04 ± 1.28

3.07 ± 1.28

2.99 ± 1.28

− .026 (.081)

0.506e

School/leisure conflict

5

0.856

2.62 ± 1.04

2.60 ± 1.03

2.64 ± 1.06

.047* (.001)

0.651e

Financial pressure

4

0.845

2.62 ± 1.14

2.55 ± 1.12

2.69 ± 1.16

.005 (.716)

0.618e

Emerging adult responsibility

3

0.798

2.70 ± 1.15

2.68 ± 1.13

2.71 ± 1.16

− .017 (.243)

0.591e

Perceived stressa

56

0.951

141.68 ± 38.6

142.15 ± 38.1

141.19 ± 39.1

.034* (.021)

0.866e

  1. *Statistically significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). ρ is the Spearman rank correlation of stress and BMI
  2. aTotal stress score was produced by the sum of the score from each ASQ’s domain] (Darviri et al. 2014)
  3. eEta (η) statistic is calculated for nominal by interval scale of variables