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Table 3 BM composition and infant urinary anti-oxidant by quartiles (Q) categories of LCD

From: Association between adherence to a low carbohydrate dietary (LCD) pattern with breast milk characteristics and oxidative markers in infants’ urine: a cross-sectional study

Variables

LCD

Q1

79 (22.5%)

Q4

113 (32.2%)

p-Valuea

M DPPH (µmol Trolox equivalent /L)

311 ± 114

318 ± 110

0.71

M FRAP (µmol /L)

521 ± 140

538 ± 150

0.02

M MDA (ÎĽmol TBARs/L)

0.15 ± 0.11

0.12 ± 0.04

0.04

M Thiol (µmol /L)

75.4 ± 15.1

79.5 ± 16.9

0.01

M Calcium (mg/dL)

8.9 ± 1.26

9.03 ± 1.14

0.63

M Protein (g/dL)

1.17 ± 1.54

1.83 ± 1.75

0.03

M Triglyceride (mg/dL)

4.43 ± 2.06

4.06 ± 1.57

0.23

IU DPPH (ÎĽmol eq. trolox/L)

20.2 ± 15

20.5 ± 11

0.95

IU FRAP (µmol /L)

9.6 ± 7.6

13.8 ± 8.8

0.041

IU MDA (ÎĽmol TBARs/L)

1.6 ± 1.7

1.8 ± 1.1

0.19

  1. Milk (M), Infant urine (IU), Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), Malondialdehyde (MDA)
  2. Q1 represents a low compliance and Q4 a high compliance with an LCD
  3. p-value from analysis of the variance (ANOVA) for groups comparison. Significance of bold values are p < 0.05