Table 1 The characteristics of the included SRs of the effects of nutritional program/interventions in HIV-positive adults
Author/date | Policy type | Type of the study | Policy description | Primary outcome | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hong et al. [14] | Macronutrient supplementation | Systematic review and meta-analysis | Evaluation of the effects of protein-energy-fortified macronutrient supplements | Weight, BMI, fat-free mass, and CD4 count | A significant change in nutritional status and immunological response |
Grobler et al. [13] | Macronutrient interventions fortified with micronutrients and nutrition counseling | Cochrane (systematic reviews) | Evaluation the effectiveness of various macronutrient interventions such as amino acids, whey protein concentration or spirulina in reducing morbidity and mortality | Weight, BMI, fat-free mass, fat mass, viral load, CD4 count, and dietary intake | A significant improvement in energy (increased energy intake by 394Â kcal/day in the intervention arm) and protein intakes (increased daily protein intake by 23.25Â g/day compared with no supplements) compared with no nutritional supplementation or nutrition counseling alone in adult participants with weight loss, after supplementation with macronutrient formulas providing protein and/or energy and fortified with micronutrients, in conjunction with nutrition counseling |
Tesfay et al. [10] | Nutritional assessment, counseling and nutritional support | Systematic review | Impacts of nutritional assessment, counseling and nutritional support to address undernutrition | BMI, weight, and MUAC | Short-term improvements in weight-related nutritional outcomes |
Mahlungulu et al. [15] | macronutrient supplementation and nutrition counseling | Cochrane (systematic reviews) | Evaluation the effectiveness of various macronutrient interventions, such as a balanced diet or high protein, high carbohydrate, or high fat diets given orally | Weight, BMI, fat-free mass, fat mass, and CD4 count | Significant improvement in energy (367 kcal day) and protein intakes (17 g day) and no evidence of an effect on body weight, fat mass, fat-free mass or CD4 count with macronutrient supplementation (with or without nutritional counseling) |
Tang et al. [16] | Nutrition assessment, counseling, and support (NACS) interventions | Systematic review | Examination of data on nutrition assessment, counseling, and support (NACS) interventions on mortality, morbidity, retention in care, quality of life, and/or prevention of ongoing HIV transmission | Mortality, morbidity, retention in care, quality of life, and ongoing HIV transmission | Improvement in both short- and long-term patient retention in care and treatment, and clinical outcomes |