Table 3 Key findings
Key findings | ||
|---|---|---|
Study design | Number of study participants | |
✓ 73 cross-sectional studies | ✓ 67 studies with fewer than 500 participants | |
✓ 23 cohort studies | ✓ 18 studies with more than 500 participants but less than 5000 | |
✓ 5 experimental studies | ✓ 17 studies with more than 5000 participants | |
✓ and 1 case–control study | ||
Continent | Type of treatment | |
✓ 15 in Africa | ✓ 72 studies investigated all types of medication used in T2DMa | |
✓ 42 in Asia | ✓ 26 studies investigated oral antidiabetic medication | |
✓ 4 in South America, | ✓ 4 studies investigated insulin | |
✓ 1 in Central America | ||
✓ 29 in North America | ||
✓ 5 in Europe | ||
✓ 6 in Oceania | ||
Type of socioeconomic factor | Economic and social factors | Ethnical and geographical factors |
|---|---|---|
✓ Economic [61] | ✓ Socioeconomic status | ✓ Ethnicity/race |
✓ Social [74] | ✓ Occupational status | ✓ Country of birth |
✓ Ethnical/racial [19] | ✓ Income | ✓ Acculturation |
✓ Geographical [18] | ✓ Housing type | ✓ Accessibility to healthcare |
✓ Insurance status | ✓ Area of residence | |
✓ Economic support | ✓ Regional differences | |
✓ Transportation availability | ||
✓ Civil status | ||
✓ Living arrangement | ||
✓ Education | ||
✓ Caste | ||
✓ Religion | ||
✓ Family support (social) |
Conclusions | ||
|---|---|---|
✓ The majority of studies found an association with antidiabetic medication adherence for two specific factors: insurance status [10] and ethnicity or race [18] | ||
✓ Other important factors were income and education | ||
✓ These factors may be taken into consideration when recommending treatments to patients and designing interventions to increase adherence | ||