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Table 2 Concurrent Validity of Several Measures of Early Language Development in Children age 17–25 Months in Malawi

From: A method to develop vocabulary checklists in new languages and their validity to assess early language development

Assessment 1 Assessment 2   
Score 1 Method 1 Score 2 Method 2 n rho2
CDI vocabulary score Caregiver interview NDW1 Naturalistic observation 26 0.58*
MDAT language score Child directly tested NDW1 Naturalistic observation 26 0.35
DMC-II language score Caregiver interview NDW1 Naturalistic observation 26 0.53*
CDI vocabulary score Caregiver interview MDAT language score Child directly tested 30 0.66**
CDI vocabulary score Caregiver interview DMC-II language score Caregiver interview 30 0.64**
DMC-II language score Caregiver interview MDAT language score Child directly tested 30 0.46*
  1. All p values were corrected for multiple hypothesis testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg correction
  2. 1Number of different words in a 30-min speech sample, excluding one child who dropped out and three children with less than 20 utterances
  3. 2Spearman’s correlation
  4. *p < 0.05
  5. **p < 0.01
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