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Table 3 Ordered logistic regression models of changes in weekly consumption of selected food items in COVID-19 epidemic

From: COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced changes of cereals and animal protein foods consumption of Iran population: the first nationwide survey

Variable

Red meat OR (95%CI)

White meat OR (95%CI)

Egg OR (95%CI)

Bread and rice OR (95%CI)

Sex of household head

Male

–

–

–

–

Female

1.15 (0.9, 1.33)

1.3 (1.1, 1.5)

1.09 (0.9, 1.3)

1.02 (0.8, 1.2)

Urban/Rural

Urban

–

–

–

–

Rural

0.8 (0.7, 0.9)

0.95 (0.9, 1.05)

1.08 (0.9, 1.2)

1.18 (1.08, 1.3)

Household size

1–2

–

–

–

–

3–5

1.1 (0.96, 1.2)

0.9 (0.8, 1.06)

0.8 (0.7, 0.9)

0.96 (0.85, 1.09)

 > 6

1.2 (1.0, 1.4)

1.07 (0.9, 1.3)

0.98 (0.8, 1.2)

1.05 (0.88, 1.2)

High risk members

No

–

–

–

–

 < 5 years old

1.2 (1.07, 1.3)

1.09 (0.9, 1.2)

1.07 (0.9, 1.2)

1.01 (0.9, 1.12)

Pregnant/lactating mothers

1.2 (0.9, 1.5)

1.3 (1.03, 1.5)

1.2 (0.9, 1.56)

1.12 (0.89, 1.4)

Elder

1.1 (0.9, 1.3)

1.1 (0.9, 1.2)

0.97 (0.84, 1.1)

1.15 (1.0, 1.32)

More than one

1.4 (1.2, 1.6)

1.5 (1.3, 1.7)

1.3 (1.14, 1.5)

1.07 (0.94, 1.23)

Occupation

Employee

–

–

–

–

Freelance

0.6 (0.5, 0.7)

0.6 (0.5, 0.7)

0.8 (0.7, 0.93)

0.88 (0.75, 1.01)

Retired

1.1 (0.9, 1.3)

1.14 (0.9, 1.3)

1.15 (0.97, 1.4)

1.13 (0.9, 1.35)

Health workers

0.8 (0.6, 1.1)

0.9 (0.7, 1.2)

1.16 (0.9, 1.5)

1.03 (0.8, 1.35)

Teacher

1.4 (1.1, 1.8)

1.4 (1.08, 1.8)

1.13 (0.8, 1.46)

1.43 (1.16, 1.7)

Driver

0.8 (0.7, 1.1)

0.9 (0.7, 1.23)

0.75 (0.58, 0.9)

1.27 (1.01, 1.6)

Other

0.9 (0.7, 1.06)

0.9 (0.8, 1.1)

1.05 (0.9, 1.23)

1.28 (1.1, 1.49)

Change in income

No changes

–

–

–

–

Low decrease

1.5 (1.3, 1.6)

1.5 (1.3, 1.6)

1.19 (1.07, 1.3)

1.16 (1.04, 1.3)

Half

3.7 (3.3, 4.1)

3.5 (3.07, 3.9)

1.6 (1.42, 1.8)

2.09 (1.85, 2.3)

Cut

6.3 (5.6, 7.2)

7.3 (6.4, 8.3)

2.76 (2.39, 3.2)

3.86 (3.4, 4.41)

COVID-19 in family

No

–

–

–

–

Yes

0.9 (0.7, 1.1)

0.8 (0.7, 1.12)

0.84 (0.7, 1.08)

0.8 (0.63, 1.02)

Education

Master./ higher

–

–

–

–

Bachelor

1.4 (1.2, 1.6)

1.5 (1.2, 1.7)

1.24 (1.06, 1.5)

1.14 (0.9, 1.34)

Associate

1.8 (1.5, 2.3)

1.7 (1.4, 2.1)

1.5 (1.2, 1.82)

1.2 (1.01, 1.5)

Diploma

1.8 (1.5, 2.2)

1.7 (1.4, 2.0)

1.9 (1.6, 2.26)

1.3 (1.13, 1.6)

High school

2.2 (1.8, 2.6)

2.1 (1.7, 2.5)

2.48 (2.1, 2.9)

1.6 (1.34, 1.9)

Theological education

2.7 (1.7, 4.4)

3.4 (2.2, 5.6)

7.2 (4.4, 11.6)

3.4 (2.1, 5.4)

Food security status of province

Secure

–

–

–

–

Semi secure

1.3 (1.1, 1.4)

1.1 (0.9, 1.2)

1.37 (1.2, 1.54)

1.2 (1.07, 1.33)

Deprived

1.2 (1.1, 1.4)

1.4 (1.2, 1.6)

1.86 (1.6, 2.1)

1.3 (1.2, 1.47)