RETRACTED ARTICLE: Childhood obesity risk increases with increased screen time: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Table 3 Subgroup analysis for the odds of obesity in highest versus lowest screen-user children

Group	No. of studies*	OR (95% CI)			P_{within group}	P_{between group}*	P_{heterogeneity}	I² (%)
Total	45	1.211	1.113	1.317	< 0.001		< 0.001	60.4
Continent						< 0.001
America	10	1.279	1.099	1.488	0.001		0.023	53.4
Europe	7	1.435	1.114	1.847	0.005		0.021	59.8
Asia	4	2.113	1.302	3.429	0.002		0.047	62.3
Oceania	24	1.084	0.985	1.193	0.100		0.003	49.4
Screen type						< 0.001
TV	26	1.253	1.146	1.370	< 0.001		0.009	44.3
PC	3	1.641	0.755	3.565	0.211		0.007	80
VG	13	0.991	0.838	1.173	0.920		0.001	63
TV + VG + PC	3	1.450	1.150	1.830	0.002		0.194	39.1
Age group						< 0.001
≤ 5	18	1.200	1.051	1.369	0.007		0.001	59.6
> 5	23	1.221	1.082	1.379	0.001		< 0.001	66.2
Both	4	1.227	0.915	1.645	0.172		0.274	22.8
Setting						< 0.001
Community	41	1.210	1.108	1.322	< 0.001		< 0.001	62.7
School	4	1.227	0.915	1.645	0.172		0.274	22.8
Obesity status						< 0.001
Obesity	4	1.609	1.371	1.889	< 0.001		0.700	0
Overweight	5	1.065	0.938	1.209	0.333		0.789	0
Overweight/ obesity	36	1.194	1.081	1.319	< 0.001		< 0.001	61.7
Sample size						< 0.001
1000 >	10	1.583	1.197	2.093	0.001		< 0.001	76.2
1000–5000	27	1.100	1.003	1.206	0.043		0.004	47.5
≥ 5000	8	1.351	1.170	1.560	< 0.001		0.115	39.6

TV television, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, EG electronic game, PC personal computer, DVD digital video discs, VCDs video compact disc digital
* All of the included studies were in moderate quality group therefore, subgrouping was not performed

ISSN: 2072-1315