Table 2 Characteristics of participants
% or Mean ± SD | DLP (n = 27) | DM (n = 14) | HT (n = 10) | DM-DLP (n = 13) | HT-DLP (n = 16) | HT-DM (n = 5) | HT-DM-DLP (n = 9) | Total (N = 94) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (%) | ||||||||
Male | 18.52 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 30.77 | 43.75 | 20.00 | 66.67 | 26.32 |
Female | 81.48 | 100.00 | 80.00 | 69.23 | 56.25 | 80.00 | 33.33 | 72.63 |
Workout (%) | ||||||||
Rarely | 66.67 | 71.43 | 60.00 | 76.92 | 68.75 | 60.00 | 33.33 | 64.21 |
Sometimes (1/week) | 29.63 | 28.57 | 30.00 | 23.08 | 31.25 | 20.00 | 55.56 | 30.53 |
Often (2–3/week) | 3.70 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 11.11 | 4.21 |
Usually (> 3/week) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Smoking (%) | ||||||||
No | 92.59 | 100.00 | 80.00 | 92.31 | 87.50 | 100.00 | 55.56 | 87.37 |
Stop | 7.41 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 7.69 | 12.50 | 0.00 | 44.44 | 11.58 |
Yes | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Alcohol consumption (%) | ||||||||
Never | 48.15 | 57.14 | 50.00 | 46.15 | 56.25 | 20.00 | 33.33 | 47.37 |
Stop | 11.11 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 0.00 | 4.21 |
Occasionally (< 1/month) | 25.93 | 28.57 | 30.00 | 53.85 | 31.25 | 40.00 | 22.22 | 31.58 |
Sometimes (1/month) | 14.81 | 14.29 | 10.00 | 0.00 | 12.50 | 20.00 | 44.44 | 14.74 |
Usually (> 1/week) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.05 |
Age (years) | ||||||||
< 35 | 33.33 | 0.00 | 30.00 | 15.38 | 37.50 | 20.00 | 44.44 | 26.32 |
35–45 | 44.44 | 64.29 | 20.00 | 69.23 | 43.75 | 60.00 | 44.44 | 48.42 |
45–55 | 18.52 | 35.71 | 50.00 | 15.38 | 18.75 | 20.00 | 11.11 | 23.16 |
55–65 | 3.70 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.05 |
Mean age (years) | 39.81 ± 7.04 | 43.36 ± 5.31 | 40.10 ± 10.75 | 40.77 ± 7.08 | 38.44 ± 6.88 | 41.00 ± 6.12 | 37.67 ± 6.26 | 40.13 ± 7.13 |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||
18.5–23 | 14.81 | 7.14 | 10.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 0.00 | 7.37 |
23–25 | 0.00 | 14.29 | 30.00 | 7.69 | 18.75 | 20.00 | 11.11 | 11.58 |
25–30 | 59.26 | 57.14 | 40.00 | 76.92 | 56.25 | 40.00 | 44.44 | 55.79 |
> 30 | 25.93 | 21.43 | 20.00 | 15.38 | 25.00 | 20.00 | 44.44 | 24.21 |
Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 28.06 ± 3.84 | 27.15 ± 3.00 | 26.80 ± 3.59 | 28.12 ± 3.55 | 28.35 ± 2.98 | 28.30 ± 6.98 | 31.40 ± 5.22 | 28.17 ± 3.92 |
WC-Ht/2 ratio | ||||||||
< 1.25times | 77.78 | 35.71 | 100.00 | 76.92 | 75.00 | 80.00 | 55.56 | 70.53 |
1.25–1.5times | 22.22 | 64.29 | 0.00 | 23.08 | 25.00 | 20.00 | 33.33 | 26.32 |
> 1.5times | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.11 | 2.11 |
SBP (mmHg) | ||||||||
< 120 | 62.96 | 64.29 | 0.00 | 53.85 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 34.74 |
120–130 | 37.04 | 35.71 | 10.00 | 46.15 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 0.00 | 24.21 |
130–140 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 80.00 | 0.00 | 68.75 | 40.00 | 44.44 | 26.32 |
140–150 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 0.00 | 25.00 | 40.00 | 11.11 | 8.42 |
> 150 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6.25 | 0.00 | 44.44 | 5.26 |
Mean SBP (mmHg) | 115.44 ± 8.94 | 115.64 ± 9.64 | 133.90 ± 4.41 | 117.85 ± 7.26 | 136.13 ± 5.25 | 133.80 ± 8.17 | 146.11 ± 11.40 | 125.22 ± 13.58 |
DBP (mmHg) | ||||||||
< 80 | 81.48 | 85.71 | 30.00 | 76.92 | 31.25 | 40.00 | 11.11 | 57.89 |
80–85 | 18.52 | 14.29 | 30.00 | 15.38 | 37.50 | 40.00 | 22.22 | 21.05 |
85–90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 7.69 | 25.00 | 20.00 | 11.11 | 9.47 |
90–95 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 30.00 | 0.00 | 6.25 | 0.00 | 22.22 | 6.32 |
> 95 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 4.21 |
Mean DBP (mmHg) | 70.78 ± 7.60 | 72.29 ± 8.53 | 83.10 ± 7.32 | 72.38 ± 9.26 | 81.75 ± 7.02 | 82.20 ± 7.05 | 92.00 ± 19.91 | 77.05 ± 11.58 |
FBG (mmol/L) | ||||||||
< 5.56 | 100.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 55.79 |
5.56–6.94 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 | 84.62 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 66.67 | 37.89 |
6.94–10.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.38 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 5.26 |
Mean FBG (mmol/L) | 4.98 ± 0.27 | 5.81 ± 0.31 | 4.92 ± 0.23 | 6.18 ± 0.51 | 5.09 ± 0.39 | 5.79 ± 0.12 | 6.51 ± 1.31 | 5.42 ± (0.50) |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | ||||||||
< 5.17 | 48.15 | 50.00 | 70.00 | 30.77 | 37.50 | 40.00 | 55.56 | 46.32 |
5.17–6.21 | 33.33 | 42.86 | 20.00 | 46.15 | 37.50 | 20.00 | 22.22 | 33.68 |
> 6.21 | 18.52 | 7.14 | 10.00 | 23.08 | 25.00 | 40.00 | 22.22 | 18.95 |
Mean cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.21 ± 0.91 | 5.15 ± 0.89 | 5.10 ± 0.79 | 5.63 ± 1.04 | 5.31 ± 0.92 | 5.64 ± 0.82 | 5.08 ± 1.30 | 5.18 ± (0.67) |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | ||||||||
< 1.69 | 14.81 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 23.08 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 22.22 | 40.00 |
1.69–2.26 | 62.96 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 61.54 | 62.50 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 40.00 |
2.26–5.65 | 18.52 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.38 | 37.50 | 0.00 | 44.44 | 17.89 |
> 5.65 | 3.70 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.05 |
Mean triglyceride (mmol/L) | 2.36 ± 1.41 | 1.09 ± 0.39 | 1.01 ± 0.25 | 2.10 ± 0.75 | 2.41 ± 0.74 | 1.15 ± 0.29 | 2.19 ± 0.90 | 1.80 ± (1.05) |
HDL-C (mmol/L)* | ||||||||
Optimal | 18.52 | 21.43 | 20.00 | 30.77 | 6.25 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.79 |
Borderline | 29.63 | 71.43 | 60.00 | 30.77 | 43.75 | 100.00 | 33.33 | 45.26 |
Low | 51.85 | 7.14 | 20.00 | 38.46 | 50.00 | 0.00 | 66.67 | 37.89 |
Mean HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.42 ± 0.65 | 1.81 ± 0.60 | 1.65 ± 0.31 | 1.65 ± 0.93 | 1.20 ± 0.32 | 1.64 ± 0.16 | 1.12 ± 0.14 | 1.40 ± (0.21) |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | ||||||||
< 3.36 | 74.07 | 64.29 | 80.00 | 46.15 | 56.25 | 60.00 | 77.78 | 65.26 |
3.36–4.14 | 11.11 | 28.57 | 10.00 | 23.08 | 25.00 | 20.00 | 11.11 | 15.79 |
4.14–4.91 | 14.81 | 7.14 | 10.00 | 23.08 | 18.75 | 20.00 | 11.11 | 13.68 |
> 4.91 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7.69 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 4.21 |
Mean LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.69 ± 1.01 | 2.87 ± 0.88 | 3.09 ± 0.52 | 2.99 ± 1.37 | 3.08 ± 1.01 | 3.56 ± 0.92 | 3.12 ± 1.08 | 3.10 ± (0.95) |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | ||||||||
< 38.80 | 66.67 | 21.43 | 40.00 | 7.69 | 56.25 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 40.00 |
38.80–47.54 | 33.33 | 64.29 | 60.00 | 53.85 | 43.75 | 100.00 | 33.33 | 48.42 |
> 47.54 | 0.00 | 14.29 | 0.00 | 38.46 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 10.53 |
Mean HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 36.07 ± 19.02 | 41.42 ± 18.14 | 39.34 ± 20.87 | 44.92 ± 18.36 | 36.94 ± 19.45 | 40.77 ± 22.08 | 46.78 ± 8.09 | 39.89 ± 16.39 |