Table 1 Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
|  | Val–Met/Met–Met n = 280 | Val–Val n = 354 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
AGE, year | 53.69 ± 6.71 | 54.36 ± 6.30 | 0.09ª |
Weight, kg | 77.44 ± 14.42 | 74.82 ± 13.25 | 0.10ª |
Height, cm | 162.19 ± 9.57 | 160.11 ± 8.89 | 0.12ª |
BMI, kg/m2 | 29.4 ± 4.64 | 29.18 ± 4.64 | 0.7ª |
Waist circumference, cm | 92.52 ± 10.13 | 91.98 ± 10.8 | 0.5ª |
Physical activity | 37.76 ± 6.11 | 38.03 ± 4.95 | 0.19ª |
Family history | 232 (82.9%) | 283 (79.9%) | 0.3b |
Heart disease history | 104 (37.1%) | 138(39%) | Â |
Glucose-lowering medications, no. (%) | Â | Â | Â |
 Without medications | 20 (7.1%) | 23 (6.5%) | 0.7b |
 Metformin | 20 (7.1%) | 104 (29.4%) |  |
 Glibenclamide | 14 (5%) | 21 (5.9%) |  |
 Metformin + Glibenclamide | 132 (47.1%) | 181 (51.1%) |  |
Lipid-lowering medications, no. (%) | 162(57.9%) | 193 (54.5%) | Â |
 Without medications | 118 (42.1%) | 161 (45.5%) | 0.4b |
 Atorvastatin | 117 (48.9%) | 157 (44.4%) |  |
 Simvastatin | 3 (1.1%) | 3 (0.8) |  |
Energy, kcal/day | 2333 ± 589.6 | 2160 ± 687.9 | 0.1ª |
Protein, g/day | 91.8 ± 25.1 | 80.8 ± 26.5 | 0.9ª |
Fat, g/day | 100.9 ± 36.1 | 89.2 ± 32.8 | 0.4ª |
Carbohydrate, g/day | 329.5 ± 92.9 | 317 ± 119.7 | 0.1ª |
Saturated fatty acids, g/day | 27.7 ± 8.96 | 23.35 ± 8.31 | 0.1ª |
Cholesterol, g/day | 258.19 ± 118.98 | 170.03 ± 62.86 | 0.0ª |
Monounsaturated fatty acids, g/day | 35.06 ± 14.3 | 30.95 ± 13.27 | 0.4ª |
n − 3 PUFA, g/day | 24.7 ± 11.71 | 22.35 ± 11.17 | 0.4ª |
Fiber, g/day | 41 ± 19.09 | 39.65 ± 18.46 | 0.9ª |