Table 8 Summary of selected studies breastfeeding outcomes (n = 5)

Ara et al. 2019 [28]

Colostrum feeding: PC + PCS group: 89.1%; 95% CI 83.5, 92.9, control group: 77.4%; 95% CI 69.5, 86.2

Exclusive breastfeeding (at 5 months): 24 h recall -IG 92 (73.02), CG 34 (27.0)

1 month recall -IG 81 (64.0), CG 25 (19.0)

Vandana et al. 2014 [30]

Early initiation of BF: IG: 67.5%, %, CG: 4.2%

Extended BF:

at 6–9 months- IG: A 88.2%, B1 86.0%, B2 88.0% and CG 87.5%

at 9–12 months- IG: A 86.3%, B1 84.0%, B2 78.0% and CG 82.3%

Singh et al. 2018 [31]

Colostrum feeding: breastfeed within 1 h. among 6–11 months (C: -1.3, I: 9.5, P = 0.014)

Abdullahi et al. 2019 [32]

IYCF knowledge: changes on

timely initiation of BF, I: 4.5(5.9), C: 3.7(4.1)

exclusive BF: I: 43.8(6.6), C: 29.8(4.8)

Kushwaha et al. 2014 [29]

Early initiation of BF: T1 (I:71% vs. C:11%); adjOR:19.6 (95% CI 13.6, 28.2, P = ,0.0001), T2 (62% vs. 11%); adjOR:13.3 (95% CI 9.4, 18.9, P = ,0.0001)

Exclusive breastfeeding: T1 (I: 50% vs. C: 7%); adjOR:13.6 (95% CI 7.6, 25.0, P = 0.0001) and T2 (I: 60% vs. C:7%); adjOR:20.5 (95% CI 11.3, 37.2, P = 0.0001)