Table 4 Assessment of food consumption frequency according to food insecurity status
Foods | Food insecurity status | Very often | Often | Rarely | Never | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Milk | Food security Food insecurity | 306 (41.3%) 107 (26.2%) | 189 (25.5%) 129 (31.6%) | 168 (22.7%) 114 (27.9%) | 78 (10.5%) 58 (14.2%) | < 0.001* |
Yogurt | Food security Food insecurity | 445 (60.1%) 165 (40.4%) | 192 (25.9%) 156 (38.2%) | 88 (11.9%) 73 (17.9%) | 16 (2.2%) 14 (3.4%) | 0.001* |
Cheese | Food security Food insecurity | 537 (72.5%) 272 (66.7%) | 114 (15.4%) 67 (16.4%) | 54 (7.3%) 51 (12.5%) | 36 (4.9%) 18 (4.4%) | 0.025* |
Kefir | Food security Food insecurity | 61 (8.2%) 28 (6.9%) | 69 (9.3%) 26 (6.4%) | 213 (28.7%) 102 (25.0%) | 398 (53.7%) 252 (61.8%) | 0.051 |
Red meat | Food security Food insecurity | 247 (33.3%) 78 (19.1%) | 253 (34.1%) 144 (35.3%) | 184 (24.8%) 135 (33.1%) | 57 (7.7%) 51 (12.5%) | 0.001* |
Chicken | Food security Food insecurity | 364 (49.1%) 198 (48.5%) | 257 (34.7%) 127 (31.1%) | 105 (14.2%) 71 (17.4%) | 15 (2.0%) 12 (2.9%) | 0.290 |
Fish | Food security Food insecurity | 54 (7.3%) 16 (3.9%) | 94 (12.7%) 26 (6.4%) | 377 (50.9%) 217 (53.2%) | 216 (29.1%) 149 (36.5%) | 0.001* |
Processed meat products | Food security Food insecurity | 217 (29.3%) 138 (33.8%) | 163 (22.0%) 93 (22.8%) | 221 (29.8%) 108 (26.5%) | 140 (18.9%) 69 (16.9%) | 0.330 |
Egg | Food security Food insecurity | 517 (69.8%) 283 (69.4%) | 105 (14.2%) 53 (13.0%) | 74 (10.0%) 49 (12.0%) | 45 (6.1%) 23 (5.6%) | 0.714 |
Legumes | Food security Food insecurity | 309 (41.7%) 138 (33.8%) | 288 (38.9%) 172 (42.2%) | 127 (17.1%) 85 (20.8%) | 17 (2.3%) 13 (3.2%) | 0.054 |
Oil seeds | Food security Food insecurity | 292 (39.4%) 104 (25.5%) | 223 (30.1%) 119 (29.2%) | 178 (24.0%) 146 (35.8%) | 48 (6.5%) 39 (9.6%) | < 0.001* |
Bread | Food security Food insecurity | 613 (82.7%) 345 (84.6%) | 61 (8.2%) 28 (6.9%) | 43 (5.8%) 25 (6.1%) | 24 (3.2%) 10 (2.5%) | 0.719 |
Pasta, noodle | Food security Food insecurity | 400 (54.0%) 212 (52.0%) | 251 (33.9%) 142 (34.8%) | 78 (10.5%) 45 (11.0%) | 12 (1.6%) 9 (2.2%) | 0.843 |
Rice | Food security Food insecurity | 371 (50.1%) 210 (51.5%) | 275 (37.1%) 147 (36.0%) | 81 (10.9%) 40 (9.8%) | 14 (1.9%) 11 (2.7%) | 0.731 |
Bulgur wheat | Food security Food insecurity | 283 (38.2%) 140 (34.3%) | 297 (40.1%) 151 (37.0%) | 127 (17.1%) 94 (23.0%) | 34 (4.6%) 23 (5.6%) | 0.070 |
Fresh fruit | Food security Food insecurity | 431 (58.2%) 173 (42.4%) | 183 (24.7%) 122 (29.9%) | 99 (13.4%) 99 (24.3%) | 28 (3.8%) 14 (3.4%) | < 0.001* |
Dried fruit | Food security Food insecurity | 154 (20.8%) 51 (12.5%) | 131 (17.7%) 54 (13.2%) | 257 (34.7%) 161 (39.5%) | 199 (26.9%) 142 (34.8%) | < 0.001* |
Green leafy vegetables | Food security Food insecurity | 305 (41.2%) 130 (31.9%) | 212 (28.6%) 117 (28.7%) | 170 (22.9%) 123 (30.1%) | 54 (7.3%) 38 (9.3%) | 0.005* |
Other fresh vegetables | Food security Food insecurity | 295 (39.8%) 157 (38.5%) | 231 (31.2%) 131 (32.1%) | 150 (20.2%) 95 (23.3%) | 65 (8.8%) 25 (6.1%) | 0.298 |
Dried vegetables | Food security Food insecurity | 87 (11.7%) 25 (6.1%) | 89 (12.0%) 35 (8.6%) | 228 (30.8%) 129 (31.6%) | 337 (45.5%) 219 (53.7%) | 0.002* |
Olive oil | Food security Food insecurity | 388 (52.4%) 175 (42.9%) | 116 (15.7%) 57 (14.0%) | 132 (17.8%) 105 (25.7%) | 105 (14.2%) 71 (17.4%) | 0.002* |
Sunflower oil | Food security Food insecurity | 469 (63.3%) 295 (72.3%) | 110 (14.8%) 51 (12.5%) | 94 (12.7%) 35 (8.6%) | 68 (9.2%) 27 (6.6%) | 0.016* |
Other vegetable oils | Food security Food insecurity | 100 (13.5%) 33 (8.1%) | 55 (7.4%) 12 (2.9%) | 123 (16.6%) 72 (17.6%) | 463 (62.5%) 291 (71.3%) | < 0.001* |
Fast-foods | Food security Food insecurity | 308 (41.6%) 163 (40.0%) | 230 (31.0%) 109 (26.7%) | 182 (24.6%) 123 (30.1%) | 21 (2.8%) 13 (3.2%) | 0.169 |
Packaged foods | Food security Food insecurity | 400 (54.0%) 221 (54.2%) | 165 (22.3%) 90 (22.1%) | 142 (19.2%) 83 (20.3%) | 34 (4.6%) 14 (3.4%) | 0.792 |
Frozen foods | Food security Food insecurity | 110 (14.8%) 64 (15.7%) | 103 (13.9%) 66 (16.2%) | 277 (37.4%) 148 (36.3%) | 251 (33.9%) 130 (31.9%) | 0.692 |
Canned foods | Food security Food insecurity | 72 (9.7%) 39 (9.6%) | 84 (11.3%) 53 (13.0%) | 246 (33.2%) 143 (35.0%) | 339 (45.7%) 173 (42.4%) | 0.673 |