Table 1 Evaluation of macronutrient dietary intakes in patients with and without COVID-19
COVID-19-positive N = 193 | COVID-19-negative N = 1764 | Effect size | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 59 (56, 62)* | 59 (57, 63) | 0.08 | 0.12 |
Sex, n (%) Male Female | 98 (50.78) 95 (49.22) | 945 (53.57) 819 (46.43) | 0.05 | 0.46 |
Protein (g/day) | 69.08 (56.99, 79.47) | 70.03 (60.87, 81.30) | 0.001 | 0.19 |
Saturated fat (g/day) | 17.015 (14.012, 20.77) | 17.76 (14.40, 22.19) | 0.002 | 0.059 |
MUFA (g/day) | 18.924 ± 6.84** | 19.89 ± 6.70 | 0.09 | 0.104 |
PUFA(g/day) | 24.62 ± 13.18 | 24.02 ± 13.02 | 0.03 | 0.60 |
Trans fat (g/day) | 1.712 ± 0.68 | 1.80 ± 0.65 | 0.014 | 0.14 |
Cholesterol (mg/day) | 174.46 (118.48, 304.76) | 187.8 (125.5, 303.2) | 0.011 | 0.69 |
Starch (mg/day) | 2786.9 ± 1111.19 | 2928 ± 964.68 | 0.023 | 0.132 |
Total sugar (mg/day) | 79.27 (59.71, 102.88) | 82.23 (59.44, 108.81) | 0.012 | 0.99 |
NSP (g/day) | 11.33 (7.48, 14.43) | 11.88 (8.46, 15.86) | 0.036 | 0.044 |
Fiber (g/day) | 14.88 (10.09, 18.68) | 15.49 (11.08, 21.10) | 0.019 | 0.044 |
Water (mL/day) | 1433.1 (1099.4, 1783.2) | 1491.2 (1165.8, 1860.9) | 0.011 | 0.37 |