Table 5 Characteristics across quintiles of the dietary pattern scores in 935 adults from Ouagadougou

Age(years)

45(26)

42(21)

39(17)

 < .0001

40(17)

42(22)

43(20)

0.1296

47(22)

41(20)

40(21)

 < .0001

Sex (male)

19

34

49

 < .0001

46

33

30

0.0067

36

36

39

0.8465

Ethnic group

0.4584

0.2590

0.8758

Bobo

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

1

1

Dioula

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

0

1

Fulani

1

3

3

1

1

2

3

2

1

Gourmantche

0

1

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

Gourounsi

0

1

1

1

2

1

0

2

2

Lobi

0

1

1

0

0

2

0

0

1

Mossi

96

92

90

92

94

92

94

92

91

Other

1

2

1

2

1

1

2

1

2

Bissa

2

0

1

1

2

1

0

1

2

Samo

0

1

2

2

0

2

1

2

1

International Wealth Index

49.7 ± 14.8

56.6 ± 15.9

64.9 ± 16.8

 < .0001

54.6 ± 17.5

56.6 ± 16.4

59.6 ± 16.0

0.0008

55.4 ± 17.8

56.7 ± 15.5

59.5 ± 16.4

0.0008

Education level

 < .0001

0.0008

0.0100

None

79

64

27

50

64

50

64

54

52

Primary (years 1–6)

11

20

23

24

15

20

16

22

18

Limited secondary (years 7–10)

8

12

26

15

15

20

16

14

15

Advanced secondary (years 11–13)

2

4

12

6

6

6

2

7

11

Apprenticeship training

0

1

1

1

0

2

1

0

0

University

0

0

10

4

1

2

2

3

4

Employment status

 < .0001

 < .0001

0.0034

Paid employee

19

17

44

15

27

41

20

28

28

Retired

3

5

5

3

4

7

4

5

7

Unemployed, looking for work

27

39

14

66

18

4

39

28

24

Unable to work

5

8

1

6

4

3

11

4

3

On social benefits

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

0

0

Full-time homemaker

45

30

30

7

47

41

25

32

36

Student

1

2

4

2

1

3

2

2

1

Occupation

 < .0001

 < .0001

0.0004

Subsistence farmer

5

2

2

1

5

2

2

3

2

commercial farmer

0

1

1

3

0

1

3

1

1

Casual worker

8

9

7

12

10

7

7

7

5

Businessperson, merchant, vendor

47

47

39

63

38

42

49

49

41

Craftsperson

7

6

5

2

10

4

4

9

6

Civil servant

2

5

21

6

10

8

6

9

14

Other

31

30

25

13

27

36

30

22

33

Marital status

 < .0001

 < .0001

0.0094

Married/registered

43

63

66

82

58

27

59

57

60

Cohabitating

31

19

14

2

21

51

15

21

27

Single

1

4

12

6

3

7

4

7

5

Divorced or separated

3

1

2

2

4

2

3

2

2

Widowed

22

13

5

7

14

13

20

13

6

Number of people living in the household

6(4)

6(3)

6(3)

0.2604

5(4)

6(4)

6(4)

0.3982

6(4)

6(3)

6(3)

0.0913

Main source of energy used for cooking

 < .0001

0.5943

0.2089

Missing

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Not applicable

1

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

2

Gas

21

40

55

41

33

37

39

34

42

Firewood (simple format)

33

15

10

18

24

23

24

16

21

Firewood (improved format)

17

19

12

13

16

11

13

17

12

Coal (simple format)

17

14

9

15

13

16

15

18

14

Coal (improved format)

10

11

12

11

12

10

9

15

9

Oher

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

1

Number of refrigerators

0(0)

0(0)

0(1)

 < .0001

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

0.1195

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

0.7938

Living with partner (yes)

72

80

79

0.1429

82

78

75

0.0227

72

74

86

0.0002

Living with toddler (yes)

47

51

50

0.7814

55

55

45

0.0419

44

50

56

0.0005

Living with child (yes)

86

88

79

0.0037

86

84

90

0.7521

90

84

81

0.0880

Living with parents (yes)

4

5

12

0.0041

7

5

7

0.7199

4

8

10

0.0155

Living with in-laws (yes)

5

4

3

0.3583

1

3

6

0.0358

1

3

4

0.0490

Living in retirement home (yes)

1

1

0

0.1564

0

0

1

0.7231

0

0

2

0.0046

Living with other adults (yes)

11

3

3

0.0005

3

13

1

0.1124

1

3

14

 < .0001

Total energy intake (kcal)

1879 (810)

1664 (889)

2280 (737)

1488 (805)

2065 (868)

1959 (686)

1321 (565)

1729 (563)

2544 (674)

Carbohydrates (% energy)

66 (13)

63 (17)

57 (15)

71 (7)

63 (9)

46 (8)

61 (20)

59 (16)

64 (8)

Fat (% energy)

22 (12)

24 (14)

28 (13)

17 (7)

24 (7)

37 (6)

24 (17)

27 (15)

23 (6)

Protein (% energy)

12 (2)

12 (3)

14 (4)

11 (2)

13 (2)

16 (3)

12 (3)

13 (4)

12 (2)