Table 4 Factors associated with central obesity among adults attending public health facilities in Adama Town, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2020

Sex

 Male

62 (27.4)

164 (72.6)

1

1

 Female

130 (51.2%

124 (48.8)

2.7 (1.8–4.0) *

9.5 (5.2–17.9) **

Age in years

 18–24

22 (19.6)

90 (80.4)

1

1

 25–34

52 (29.9)

122 (70.1)

1.7 (0.9–3.0)

1.7 (0.8–3.6)

 35–44

58 (59(59.2)

40 (40.8)

5.9 (3.2–10.9) *

7.0 (2.9–16.7) **

 45–64

60 (62.5)

36 (37.5)

6.8 (3.6–12.7) *

10.1 (4.0–15.2) **

Marital status

 Never married

32 (20.8)

122 (79.2)

1

1

 Separated/divorced

16 (64)

9 (36)

7.0 (2.7–16.7) *

2.3 (0.7–7.1)

 Married

144 (47.8)

157 (52.2)

3.4 (2.2–5.4) *

2.5 (1.3–4.7) **

Educational status

 College and above

71 (43.6)

92 (56.4)

1

1

 Secondary (9–12)

64 (41.8)

89 (58.2)

0.9 (0.5–1.4)

0.9 (0.5–1.8)

 Primary (1–8)

36 (31.6)

78 (68.4)

0.5 (0.3–0.9) *

0.4 (0.2–1.8)

 No formal education

21 (42)

29 (58)

0.9 (0.4–1.7)

0.2 (0.1–1.5)

Total monthly income

 < 1500

37 (31.1)

82 (68.9)

1

1

 1500–2699

42 (35.6)

76 (64.4)

1.2 (0.7–2.1)

0.8 (0.4–1.6)

 2700–3999

34 (41)

49 (59)

1.5 (0.8–2.7)

1.7 (0.7–3.7)

  ≥ 4000

79 (49.4)

81 (50.6)

2.1 (1.3–3.5) *

3.3 (1.5–7.3) **

Physical activity

 Physically active

126 (35.6)

228 (64.4)

1

1

 Physically inactive

66 (52.4)

60 (47.6)

1.2 (1.3–3.0) *

1.5 (0.8–2.5)

Parent obesity

 No

124 (36.4)

217 (63.6)

1

1

 Yes

68 (48.9)

71 (51.1)

1.6 (1.1–2.4) *

1.8 (1.1–3.2) **

Fruit and vegetable consumption

 High

32 (30.8)

72 (69.2)

1

1

 Moderate

62 (44.9)

76 (55.1)

1.8 (1.1–3.1) *

2.0 (1.0–3.9)

 Low

98 (41.2)

140 (58.8)

1.5 (0.9–2.5)

1.6 (0.9–3.0)

Milk and milk product consumption

 Low

60 (42.6)

81 (57.4)

1

1

 Moderate

81 (44)

103 (56)

1.0 (0.6–1.6)

0.7 (0.4–1.3)

 High

51 (32.9)

104 (67.1)

0.6 (0.4–0.9) *

0.3 (0.1–0.6) **

Meat, egg, and fish consumption

 High

39 (37.5)

65 (62.5)

1

1

 Moderate

90 (36.6)

156 (63.4)

0.9 (0.5–1.5)

1.1 (0.6–2.2)

 Low

63 (48.5)

67 (51.5)

1.5 (1.1–2.6) *

1.6 (0.8–3.5)

Consumption of fruit in a day

 High

14 (70)

6 (30)

1

1

 Low

178 (38.7)

282 (61.3)

0.27 (0.1–0.7) *

0.2 (0.05–1.7)

Consumption of fast food

 Never

140 (40.2)

208 (59.8)

1

1

 1–2 days/week

43 (42.6)

58 (57.4)

1.1 (0.7–1.7)

1.5 (0.8–2.9)

 ≥ 3 days/week

9 (29)

22 (71)

0.6 (0.2–0.9) *

0.6 (0.2–1.9)