Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants
Omnivore | Lacto- and/or ovo-vegetarian | Pesco-vegetarian | Vegan | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of participants | 116,894 | 329 | 310 | 140 |
Age (years old) | 65.7 ± 5.8 | 64.1 ± 5.5 | 64.4 ± 5.9 | 66.0 ± 6.4 |
Female | 51.4% | 57.2% | 65.8% | 48.2% |
BMI (kg/m2)† | 27.2 ± 4.8 | 25.7 ± 4.8 | 25.3 ± 4.6 | 26.9 ± 5.7 |
Cigarette smoking status | ||||
Never smokers | 48.3% | 55.3% | 58.7% | 58.5% |
Current smokers | 9.3% | 4.9% | 2.3% | 7.9% |
Former smokers | 42.4% | 39.8% | 39.0% | 33.6% |
Pack-years of smoking among smokers† | 18.2 ± 27.1 | 12.0 ± 23.4 | 10.9 ± 20.6 | 13.5 ± 22.7 |
Alcohol consumption | ||||
Non-drinkers | 27.9% | 52.3% | 29.7% | 49.3% |
Moderate drinkers | 59.4% | 41.6% | 57.4% | 43.6% |
Heavy drinkers | 12.7% | 6.1% | 12.9% | 7.1% |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
Non-Hispanic White | 89.2% | 65.1% | 81.6% | 57.1% |
Other race/ethnicity | 10.8% | 34.9% | 18.4% | 42.9% |
Educational attainment† | ||||
High school or less | 29.9% | 17.6% | 15.5% | 30.9% |
Some college | 34.5% | 26.2% | 31.0% | 30.9% |
College or higher | 35.6% | 56.2% | 53.5% | 38.2% |
Any comorbidity | 38.9% | 33.3% | 30.2% | 41.5% |