Box 2 Handgrip Strength and Association with diseases and health-related problems
From: Hand grip strength as a proposed new vital sign of health: a narrative review of evidences
Morbidity | |
|---|---|
A) Non-communicable diseases | |
 Type 2 diabetes | |
 Metabolic syndrome | |
 Cardiovascular diseases | |
 Dyslipidaemia | |
 Hypertension | |
 Cancers | |
 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | |
 Chronic liver disease | |
 Chronic kidney disease | |
 Chronic respiratory diseases | |
Cognitive dysfunction and impaired mental health | |
B) Musculoskeletal problems | |
 Chronic low back pain | |
 Osteosarcopenia | |
 Osteoporotic fractures | |
Mortality | |
 All-cause mortality | |
 Cardiovascular diseases-related mortality | |
 Cancer-related mortality | |
 In-hospital mortality | |
 Post-operative mortality | |
 Cirrhosis-related mortality | |
Other health-related problems | |
 Nutritional status | |
 Institutional admissions | |
 Longer hospital stay | |
 Reduced quality of life | |
 Functional disability |