Table 1 Features of the studies included in the meta-analyses
From: Contraceptive uses among married women in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analyses
Author name | Region | Sampling design | Study duration | Sample size | Age groups | Prevalence of modern method (95% CI) | Traditional contraceptive methods (95% CI) | Folkloric (%) | Female sterilization (95% ci) | Male sterilization (95% ci) | Injectables (95% CI) | IUD (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Islam et al. 11 | Bangladesh | Cross Sectional | 2011 | 16,616 | 15–49 | 84.77 (84.23, 85.32) | 14.61 (14.07,15.15) | 0.6 | 7.97 (7.56, 8.38) | 1.93 (1.72, 2.14) | 18.27 (17.86, 18.86) | 1.24 (1.07, 1.41) |
Haq et al. 5 | Bangladesh | Time series | 1994– 2014 | 38,648 | 15–49 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Khan and Jerifa [19] | Gazipur, sharper, Bangladesh | Cross sectional data | 2012 | 265 | 15–49 |  | 1.2 (−.11, 2.51) |  | 7.3 (4.17, 10.43) |  | 2.4 (0.56, 4.24) |  |
Islam [12] | Bangladesh | Cross sectional data | 2011 | 3507 | 15–49 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mostafa Kamal [27] | Bangladesh | Cross sectional data | 2007 | 1424 | 15–49 | 38 (35.48, 40.52) | 4 (2.98, 5.02) |  |  |  |  |  |
Kamruzzama and Hakim 16 | Bangladesh | Cross sectional | Jan 2014–Dec2014 | 350 | 19–49 |  |  |  |  |  | 10 (6.86, 13.14) | 3.43 (1.52, 5.34) |
Koenig et al. [21] | Matlab, Chandpur, Bangladesh | Cross sectional | 1990 | 4238 | 19–49 | 94.2 (93.5, 95) | 5.7 (5, 6.40) |  | 14.8 (13.73, 15.87) |  | 49.8 (48.29, 51.31) | 6.2 (5.47, 6.93) |
Laskar et al. [23] | Bangladesh | Cross sectional | 2006 | 8748 | 19–49 |  |  |  | 11.83 (11.15, 12.51) | 10.5 (9.86, 11.14) | 13.32 (12.61, 14.03) | 24.7 (23.80, 25.60) |
Hoq [7] | Bangladesh | Cross sectional | 2018 | 16,858 | 19–49 | 54 (53.25, 54.75) | 8.4 (7.98, 8.82) |  | 4.6 (4.28,4.92) | 1.2 (1.04, 1.36) | 12.4 (11.90, 12.90) | 0.6 (0.48, 0.72) |
Callahan and Becker [2] | Bangladesh | Longitudinal | 2006–2009 | 3080 | 13–49 |  |  |  | 8.1 (7.14, 9.06) | 0.2 (0.04, 0.36) | 20.8 (19.37, 22.23) | 2.6 (2.04, 3.16) |
Islam et al. [14] | Bangladesh | Longitudinal and surveillance system | 1998 | 13,515 | 15–49 | 34.7 (33.9, 35.5) | 5.3 (4.92, 5.68) |  |  |  | 7.5 (7.06, 7.94) | 2.5 (2.24, 2.76) |
Khan and Shaw [17] | Bangladesh | Cross sectional | 2009 | 11,440 | 15–49 | 79.175 (78.43, 79.92) | 19.78 (19.05, 20.51) | 1.025 |  |  |  |  |
Kibria et al. [20] | Shyllet division, Bangladesh | cross sectional | 2017 | 1147 | 15–49 | 85.5 (83.46,87.54) | 14.4 (12.37, 16.43) |  | 6.7 (5.25, 8.15) | 1.2 (0.57, 1.83) | 6.5 (5.07, 7.93) | 0.2 (−0.06, 0.46) |
Khan and Islam 18 | Bangladesh | Cross sectional | 2022 | 5574 | 15–49 | 88.6 (87.77, 89.43) | 11.39 (10.56, 12.22) |  | 12.57 (11.07, 13.44) |  |  |  |
Rahman 35 | Bangladesh | Interviewing | 2010 | 1000 | 15–19 | 52.7 (49.61, 55.79) | 4.7 (3.39, 6.01) |  |  |  | 0.7 (0.18, 1.22) | 0.7 (0.18, 1.22) |
Islam [13] | Narsingdi, Bangladesh | face to face Interview | 2012 | 430 | 15–49 | 50.9 (46.17, 55.63) | 10.2 (7.34, 13.06) |  | 6.4 (4.09, 8.71) | 0.93 (0.02, 1.84) | 5.58 (3.41, 7.75) | 3.48 (1.75, 5.21) |
Streatfield et al. [42] | Bangladesh | Follow up survey | 2015 | 26,072 | 19–49 | 69 (68.44, 69.56) | 5 (4.74, 5.26) |  | 10 (9.64, 10.36) | 5 (4.74, 5.26) | 15 (14.57, 15.43) | 5 (4.74, 5.26) |
Author name | Pills (95% CI) | Condoms (95% CI) | Periodic abstinence 95 (% CI) | Withdrawal (95% CI) | Implants (95% CI) | Vasectomy | Others | Contraceptive uses (95% CI) | Urban (95% CI) | Rural (95% CI) | Study Quality (15–30) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Islam et al. 11 | 43.72 (42.97, 44.47) | 9.8 (9.35, 10.25) | 11.57 (11.08, 12.06) | 3.037 (2.78, 3.30) | 1.82 (1.62, 2.02) | Â | 0.6 | 61.62 (60.88, 62.36) | 64.5 (63.77, 65.23) | 60.25 (59.51, 60.99) | 28 |
Haq et al. 5 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 59.28 (58.79, 59.77) | 51.84 (51.34, 52.34) | 26 |
Khan et al. [19] | 69 (63.43, 74.57) | 10.9 (7.15, 14.65) | Â | Â | 2.4 (0.56, 4.24) | Â | 1.9 | 62.3 (56.46, 68.14) | Â | Â | 20 |
Islam [12] | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 71.8 (70.31, 73.29) | 66.9 (65.34, 68.46) | 26 |
Mostafa Kamal [27] | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 22 |
Kamruzzama and Hakim 16 | 20 (15.81, 24.19) | 4.29 (2.17, 6.41) | 2 (0.53, 3.47) | Â | 3.14 (1.31, 4.97) | Â | Â | 45.71 (40.49, 50.93) | 58 (52.83, 63.17) | 30 (25.20, 34.80) | 25 |
Koenig et al. [21] | 21.1 (19.87, 22.33) | 1.4 (1.05, 1.75) | Â | Â | Â | 0.7 | Â | 57.1 (55.61, 58.59) | Â | Â | 26 |
Laskar et al. [23] | 41.86 (40.83, 42.89) | 9.03 (8.43, 9.63) | 10.41 (9.77, 11.05) | 7.7 (7.14, 8.26) | Â | Â | 0.14 | 59.61 (58.58, 60.64) | Â | Â | 27 |
Hoq [7] | 27 (26.33, 27.67) | 6.4 (6.03, 6.77) | 6.2 (5.84, 6.56) | 1.9 (1.69, 2.11) | 1.7 (1.50, 1.90) | Â | 0.3 | 62.4 (61.67, 63.13) | Â | Â | 22 |
Callahan and Becker [2] | 47.8 (46.04, 49.56) | 6.7 (5.82, 7.58) | 9.6 (8.56, 10.64) | 1.6 (1.16, 2.04) | 1.1 (0.73, 1.47) | Â | Â | 72.8 (71.23, 74.37) | Â | Â | 20 |
Islam et al. [14] | 14.3 (13.71, 14.89) | 2.7 (2.43, 2.97) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 39.9 (39.07,40.73) | Â | Â | 24 |
Khan and Shaw [17] | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 27 |
Kibria et al. [20] | 21.36 (18.99, 23.73) | 3.9 (2.78, 5.02) | 5.6 (4.27, 6.93) | 1.2 (0.57, 1.83) | Â | Â | Â | 58.5 (55.65, 61.35) | 45 (42.12, 47.88) | Â | 28 |
Khan and Islam 18 | 64.8 (63.55, 66.05) | 11.5 (10.66, 12.34) | 11.3 (10.47, 12.13) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 23 |
Rahman 35 | 28 (25.22, 30.78) | 22.6 (20.01, 25.19) | 2.7 (1.70, 3.70) | Â | 2 (1.13, 2.87) | Â | 56.7 | 60 (56.96, 63.04) | 55 (51.92, 58.08) | Â | 24 |
Islam [13] | 26.51 (22.34, 30.68) | 7.2 (4.76, 9.64) | 3.2 (1.54, 4.86) | 6.27 (3.98, 8.56) | 0.46 (−0.18, 1.10) |  | 61.1 |  |  |  | 26 |
Streatfield et al. [42] | 25 (24.47, 25.53) | 4 (3.76, 4.24) | Â | Â | 5 (4.74, 5.26) | Â | Â | 74 (73.47) | Â | Â | 20 |