Fig. 10

Presented is the effect of changing the fractional-order \(\varepsilon =0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0\) on the infected (Panel A-*), recovered (Panel B-*), and vaccinated (Panel C-*) individuals. Subpanels panel (*-i), panel (*-ii), and panel (*-iii) show the results under the vaccine efficacy rate and vaccination rate \(\left(\eta ,\delta \right)=\left(\mathrm{0.8,0.05}\right), (\mathrm{0.95,0.05})\) and \((\mathrm{0.95,0.1})\), respectively, whereas the remaining parameter settings are \(\beta =1.0, \gamma =0.1, \alpha =1/5, q=0.0,\) \(l=0.0\)