Fig. 3

Forest plot of the association between serum 25(OH)D and the risk of all-cause death as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD) death stratified by age, sex, ethnicity, and dietary sodium intake. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by weighted Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, education level, marital status, smoking status, drinking status, sedentary activity, total energy intake, sodium intake, potassium intake, overweight/obesity, vitamin D supplement use, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. The median age of this study population is 46 years old and the median dietary sodium intake is 3322 mg