Table 7 Mediation analysis testing the indirect effects of moral motivation on psychological health indicators via autonomous prosocial motivation and prosocial behavior

Constant

2.56*** (.51)

1.05** (.40)

2.97*** (.41)

2.36*** (.32)

3.06*** (.35)

1.69** (.52)

.85 (.57)

.97 (.50)

Moral FCM

.40*** (.07)

.14** (.05)

 − .05 (.06)

 − .02 (.04)

 − .07 (.04)

.03 (.07)

 − .01 (.08)

.01 (.07)

Prosocial motivation

.04 (.05)

.05 (.04)

.07 (.04)

.01 (.07)

.02 (.07)

.07 (.06)

Prosocial behavior

 − .03 (.07)

.09 (.05)

.05 (.06)

.19* (.08)

.49*** (.09)

.25** (.08)

Health FCM

.07 (.06)

.06 (.05)

.07 (.05)

.02 (.04)

.03 (.04)

 − .04 (.06)

 − .02 (.07)

.01 (.06)

Age

.07 (.05)

 − .06 (.04)

 − .14*** (.04)

 − .16*** (.03)

 − .16*** (.03)

.09 (.05)

.05 (.06)

.16** (.05)

Gender (0 = male)

.11 (.16)

.26* (.12)

.12 (.12)

.10 (.09)

.12 (.10)

.15 (.15)

 − .35* (.17)

 − .10 (.14)

Ethnicity (0 = non-White)

.10 (.19)

 − .02 (.15)

.18 (.14)

 − .06 (.11)

.07 (.12)

 − .16 (.18)

 − .31 (.20)

 − .06 (.17)

Urbanicity

 − .05 (.05)

.01 (.04)

.001 (.04)

.01 (.03)

 − .02 (.03)

 − .005 (.05)

 − .02 (.05)

 − .02 (.04)

Income

.11* (.05)

.09* (.04)

 − .09* (.04)

 − .09** (.03)

 − .08* (.03)

.10* (.05)

.03 (.05)

.03 (.05)

Diet type (0 = non-strict vegetarian)

.05 (.17)

 − .27* (.13)

.04 (.13)

 − .14 (.10)

 − .09 (.11)

.02 (.16)

 − .01 (.18)

 − .14 (.16)

Physical health

 − .05 (.09)

.12 (.07)

 − .22** (.07)

 − .09 (.05)

 − .17** (.06)

.43*** (.08)

.43*** (.09)

.44*** (.08)

Indirect effect via moral motivation

.02 (.02) [− .03, .07]

.02 (.02) [− .01, .05]

.03 (.02) [− .01, .07]

.003 (.03) [− .05, .06]

.01 (.03) [− .05, .07]

.03 (.03) [− .02, .08]

Indirect effect via moral behavior

 − .004 (.01) [− .03, .02]

.01 (.01) [− .003, .04]

.01 (.01) [− .01, .03]

.03 (.02) [.002, .06]

.07 (.03) [.02, .13]

.04 (.02) [.01, .07]