Table 3 Factors associated with caregivers’ knowledge and attitudes on childhood diarrhea in refugee and host communities in Gambella Region, Ethiopia, 2016

 Male

32 (46.4)

37 (53.6)

1

1

17 (24.6)

52 (75.4)

1

 Female

601 (37.6)

997 (62.4)

1.4 (0.9–2.3)

1.2 (0.5–3.5)

0.67

376 (23.5)

1222 (76.5)

1.1 (0.6–1.9)

1.4 (0.4–4.2)

0.59

 ≤ 24

192 (38.8)

303 (61.2)

1

1

118 (23.8)

377 (76.2)

1

1

 25–34

343 (38.8)

570 (61.2)

1.0 (0.8–1.3)

0.86 (0.5–1.4)

0.51

207 (23.4)

676 (76.6)

1.0 (0.8–1.3)

0.9 (0.5–1.6)

0.8

 ≥ 35

98 (33.9)

191 (66.1)

1.2 (0.9–1.7)

1.8 (0.9–3.6)

0.08

68 (23.5)

221 (76.5)

0.98 (0.7–1.4)

0.7 (0.3–1.3)

0.27

 < 5

174 (38.9)

273 (61.1)

1

1

103 (23.1)

344 (76.9)

1

1

 ≥ 5

459 (37.6)

761 (62.4)

1.1 (0.8–1.3)

1.5 (0.9–2.3)

0.082

290 (23.8)

930 (76.2)

0.96 (0.7–1.2)

0.9 (0.5–1.5)

0.72

 Divorced

34 (44.2)

43 (55.2)

1

1

20 (26.0)

57 (74.0)

1

1

 Single

16 (34.0)

31 (66.0)

1.5 (0.7–3.3)

0.35

16 (34.0)

31 (66.0)

0.7 (0.3–1.5)

0.9 (0.2–4.4)

0.93

 Married

543 (37.6)

901 (62.4)

1.3 (0.8–2.1)

0.29

332 (23.0)

1112 (77.0)

1.2 (0.7–2.0)

1.8 (0.7–1.6)

0.39

 Widowed

40 (40.4)

59(59.6)

1.2 (0.6–2.1)

0.85

25 (25.3)

74 (24.7)

1.0 (0.5–2.1)

1.1 (0.3–3.8)

0.85

 No formal education

339 (40.6)

495 (59.4)

1

1

198 (23.7)

636 (76.3)

1

 Formal education

294 (35.3)

539 (64.7)

1.3 (1.0–1.5)

1.3 (1.03–1.5)

0.022*

195 (23.2)

638 (76.6)

1.(0.8–1.3)

1.2 (0.8–1.8)

0.42

 Health institutions

231 (33.0)

469 (67.0)

1.8 (1.3–2.3)

1.8 (1.3–2.3)

0.000*

152 (21.7)

548 (78.3)

1.4 (1.0–2.0)

1.2 (0.7–2.2)

0.53

 Community health workers

225 (40.0)

338 (60.0)

1.3 (0.98–1.7)

1.3 (0.98–1.7)

0.068

131 (23.3)

432 (76.7)

1.3 (0.9–1.8)

1.4 (0.8–2.6)

0.25

 Schools

21 (37.5)

35 (62.5)

1.4 (0.8–2.6)

1.5 (0.8–2.7)

0.185

13 (23.2)

43 (76.8)

1.3 (0.8–2.6)

–

–

 Mass media (radio and television)

22 (36.7)

38 (63.3)

1.5 (0.8–2.7)

1.5 (0.8–2.7)

0.167

15 (25.0)

45 (75.0)

1.2 (0.6–2.3)

4.2 (0.9–19.9)

0.069

 No source accessed

134 (46.5)

154 (53.5)

1

1

82 (28.5)

206 (71.5)

1

1

 Yes

167 (35.8)

300 (64.2)

1.1 (0.9–1.4)

1.3 (0.3–6.0)

0.76

112 (24.0)

355 (76.0)

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

1.2 (0.2–6.5)

0.86

 No or not remember

466 (38.8)

734 (61.2)

1

281 (23.4)

919 (76.6)

1

 HIV and other STDs

52 (41.3)

74 (58.7)

1

26 (20.6)

100 (79.4)

1.4 (0.8–2.7)

1.5 (0.8–2.9)

0.22

 Vaccination

40 (34.8)

75 (65.2)

1.3 (0.8–2.2)

1.4 (0.8–2.4)

0.21

29 (25.2)

86 (74.8)

1.1 (0.6–2.1)

1.1 (0.6–2.0)

0.82

 Child feeding

35 (35.0)

57 (62.0)

1.1 (0.7–2.0)

1.2 (0.7–2.1)

0.53

25 (27.2)

67 (72.8)

1

1

 Diarrhea

26 (33.3)

52 (66.7)

1.4 (0.8–2.5)

1.5 (0.8–2.8)

0.16

20 (25.6)

58 (74.4)

1.1 (0.5–2.1)

1.3 (0.5–2.1)

0.92

 WASH

13 (30.2)

30 (69.8)

1.6 (0.8–3.4)

1.8 (0.8–3.9)

0.13

10 (23.3)

33 (76.3)

1.2 (0.5–2.9)

1.2 (0.5–2.7)

0.75

 Others

3 (17.7)

14 (82.3)

3.3 (0.9–12.0)

3.3 (0.9–12.5)

0.074

4 (23.5)

13 (76.5)

1.2 (0.4–4.1)

0.99 (0.3–3.4)

0.99

 Poor

193 (30.5)

440 (69.5)

1

 Adequate

200 (19.3)

834 (80.7)

1.8 (1.4–2.3)

2.5 (1.6–3.8)

0.00*